7eacd396b1
### What?
This PR adds atomic array operations ($append and $remove) for
relationship fields with `hasMany: true` across all database adapters.
These operations allow developers to add or remove specific items from
relationship arrays without replacing the entire array.
New API:
```
// Append relationships (prevents duplicates)
await payload.db.updateOne({
collection: 'posts',
id: 'post123',
data: {
categories: { $append: ['featured', 'trending'] }
}
})
// Remove specific relationships
await payload.db.updateOne({
collection: 'posts',
id: 'post123',
data: {
tags: { $remove: ['draft', 'private'] }
}
})
// Works with polymorphic relationships
await payload.db.updateOne({
collection: 'posts',
id: 'post123',
data: {
relatedItems: {
$append: [
{ relationTo: 'categories', value: 'category-id' },
{ relationTo: 'tags', value: 'tag-id' }
]
}
}
})
```
### Why?
Currently, updating relationship arrays requires replacing the entire
array which requires fetching existing data before updates. Requiring
more implementation effort and potential for errors when using the API,
in particular for bulk updates.
### How?
#### Cross-Adapter Features:
- Polymorphic relationships: Full support for relationTo:
['collection1', 'collection2']
- Localized relationships: Proper locale handling when fields are
localized
- Duplicate prevention: Ensures `$append` doesn't create duplicates
- Order preservation: Appends to end of array maintaining order
- Bulk operations: Works with `updateMany` for bulk updates
#### MongoDB Implementation:
- Converts `$append` to native `$addToSet` (prevents duplicates in
contrast to `$push`)
- Converts `$remove` to native `$pull` (targeted removal)
#### Drizzle Implementation (Postgres/SQLite):
- Uses optimized batch `INSERT` with duplicate checking for `$append`
- Uses targeted `DELETE` queries for `$remove`
- Implements timestamp-based ordering for performance
- Handles locale columns conditionally based on schema
### Limitations
The current implementation is only on database-adapter level and not
(yet) for the local API. Implementation in the localAPI will be done
separately.
Explore the Docs · Community Help · Roadmap · View G2 Reviews
Important
🎉 We've released 3.0! Star this repo or keep an eye on it to follow along.
Payload is the first-ever Next.js native CMS that can install directly in your existing /app folder. It's the start of a new era for headless CMS.
Benefits over a regular CMS
- Deploy anywhere, including serverless on Vercel for free
- Combine your front+backend in the same
/appfolder if you want - Don't sign up for yet another SaaS - Payload is open source
- Query your database in React Server Components
- Both admin and backend are 100% extensible
- No vendor lock-in
- Never touch ancient WP code again
- Build faster, never hit a roadblock
Quickstart
Before beginning to work with Payload, make sure you have all of the required software.
pnpx create-payload-app@latest
If you're new to Payload, you should start with the website template (pnpx create-payload-app@latest -t website). It shows how to do everything - including custom Rich Text blocks, on-demand revalidation, live preview, and more. It comes with a frontend built with Tailwind all in one /app folder.
One-click templates
Jumpstart your next project by starting with a pre-made template. These are production-ready, end-to-end solutions designed to get you to market as fast as possible.
🌐 Website
Build any kind of website, blog, or portfolio from small to enterprise. Comes with a fully functional front-end built with RSCs and Tailwind.
We're constantly adding more templates to our Templates Directory. If you maintain your own template, consider adding the payload-template topic to your GitHub repository for others to find.
✨ Features
- Completely free and open-source
- Next.js native, built to run inside your
/appfolder - Use server components to extend Payload UI
- Query your database directly in server components, no need for REST / GraphQL
- Fully TypeScript with automatic types for your data
- Auth out of the box
- Versions and drafts
- Localization
- Block-based layout builder
- Customizable React admin
- Lexical rich text editor
- Conditional field logic
- Extremely granular Access Control
- Document and field-level hooks for every action Payload provides
- Intensely fast API
- Highly secure thanks to HTTP-only cookies, CSRF protection, and more
🗒️ Documentation
Check out the Payload website to find in-depth documentation for everything that Payload offers.
Migrating from v2 to v3? Check out the 3.0 Migration Guide on how to do it.
🙋 Contributing
If you want to add contributions to this repository, please follow the instructions in contributing.md.
📚 Examples
The Examples Directory is a great resource for learning how to setup Payload in a variety of different ways, but you can also find great examples in our blog and throughout our social media.
If you'd like to run the examples, you can either copy them to a folder outside this repo or run them directly by (1) navigating to the example's subfolder (cd examples/your-example-folder) and (2) using the --ignore-workspace flag to bypass workspace restrictions (e.g., pnpm --ignore-workspace install or pnpm --ignore-workspace dev).
You can see more examples at:
🔌 Plugins
Payload is highly extensible and allows you to install or distribute plugins that add or remove functionality. There are both officially-supported and community-supported plugins available. If you maintain your own plugin, consider adding the payload-plugin topic to your GitHub repository for others to find.
🚨 Need help?
There are lots of good conversations and resources in our Github Discussions board and our Discord Server. If you're struggling with something, chances are, someone's already solved what you're up against. 👇
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