---
title: Customizing Fields
label: Customizing Fields
order: 40
desc:
keywords:
---

[Fields](../fields/overview) within the [Admin Panel](./overview) can be endlessly customized in their appearance and behavior without affecting their underlying data structure. Fields are designed to withstand heavy modification or even complete replacement through the use of [Custom Field Components](#field-components), [Conditional Logic](#conditional-logic), [Custom Validations](../fields/overview#validation), and more.

For example, your app might need to render a specific interface that Payload does not inherently support, such as a color picker. To do this, you could replace the default [Text Field](../fields/text) input with your own user-friendly component that formats the data into a valid color value.

<Banner type="success">
  <strong>Tip:</strong>
  Don't see a built-in field type that you need? Build it! Using a combination of [Field Validations](../fields/overview#validation)
  and [Custom Components](./components), you can override the entirety of how a component functions within the [Admin Panel](./overview) to effectively create your own field type.
</Banner>

## Admin Options

You can customize the appearance and behavior of fields within the [Admin Panel](./overvieW) through the `admin` property of any [Field Config](../fields/overview):

```ts
import type { CollectionConfig } from 'payload'

export const CollectionConfig: CollectionConfig = {
  // ...
  fields: [
    // ...
    {
      name: 'myField',
      type: 'text',
      admin: { // highlight-line
        // ...
      },
    }
  ]
}
```

The following options are available:

| Option              | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **`condition`**         | Programmatically show / hide fields based on other fields. [More details](../admin/fields#conditional-logic).                                                                                               |
| **`components`**        | All Field Components can be swapped out for [Custom Components](../admin/components) that you define. [More details](../admin/fields).                                                                             |
| **`description`**       | Helper text to display alongside the field to provide more information for the editor. [More details](../admin/fields#description).                                                                                                 |
| **`position`**          | Specify if the field should be rendered in the sidebar by defining `position: 'sidebar'`.                                                                                                                                        |
| **`width`**             | Restrict the width of a field. You can pass any string-based value here, be it pixels, percentages, etc. This property is especially useful when fields are nested within a `Row` type where they can be organized horizontally. |
| **`style`**         | [CSS Properties](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) to inject into the root element of the field.                                                                                                           |
| **`className`**         | Attach a [CSS class attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Class_selectors) to the root DOM element of a field.                                                                                                                                                                      |
| **`readOnly`**          | Setting a field to `readOnly` has no effect on the API whatsoever but disables the admin component's editability to prevent editors from modifying the field's value.                                                            |
| **`disabled`**          | If a field is `disabled`, it is completely omitted from the [Admin Panel](../admin/overview).                                                                                                                                                         |
| **`disableBulkEdit`**   | Set `disableBulkEdit` to `true` to prevent fields from appearing in the select options when making edits for multiple documents.                                                                                                 |
| **`disableListColumn`** | Set `disableListColumn` to `true` to prevent fields from appearing in the list view column selector.                                                                                                                             |
| **`disableListFilter`** | Set `disableListFilter` to `true` to prevent fields from appearing in the list view filter options.                                                                                                                              |
| **`hidden`**            | Will transform the field into a `hidden` input type. Its value will still submit with requests in the Admin Panel, but the field itself will not be visible to editors.        |

## Field Components

Within the [Admin Panel](./overview), fields are rendered in three distinct places:

- [Field](#the-field-component) - The actual form field rendered in the Edit View.
- [Cell](#the-cell-component) - The table cell component rendered in the List View.
- [Filter](#the-filter-component) - The filter component rendered in the List View.

To easily swap in Field Components with your own, use the `admin.components` property in your [Field Config](../fields/overview):

```ts
import type { CollectionConfig } from 'payload'

export const CollectionConfig: CollectionConfig = {
  // ...
  fields: [
    // ...
    {
      // ...
      admin: {
        components: { // highlight-line
          // ...
        },
      },
    }
  ]
}
```

The following options are available:

| Component    | Description                                                                                                                 |
| ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **`Field`**  | The form field rendered of the Edit View. [More details](#the-field-component).                                                |
| **`Cell`**   | The table cell rendered of the List View. [More details](#the-cell-component).              |
| **`Filter`** | The filter component rendered in the List View. [More details](#the-filter-component). || Component         | Description                                                                                                     |
| **`Label`**       | Override the default Label of the Field Component. [More details](#the-label-component).                                    |
| **`Error`**       | Override the default Error of the Field Component. [More details](#the-error-component).                                    |
| **`Description`** | Override the default Description of the Field Component. [More details](#the-description-component).                      |
| **`beforeInput`** | An array of elements that will be added before the input of the Field Component. [More details](#afterinput-and-beforeinput).|
| **`afterInput`**  | An array of elements that will be added after the input of the Field Component. [More details](#afterinput-and-beforeinput). |

_\* **`beforeInput`** and **`afterInput`** are only supported in fields that do not contain other fields, such as [`Text`](../fields/text), and [`Textarea`](../fields/textarea)._

### The Field Component

The Field Component is the actual form field rendered in the Edit View. This is the input that user's will interact with when editing a document.

To easily swap in your own Field Component, use the `admin.components.Field` property in your [Field Config](../fields/overview):

```ts
import type { CollectionConfig } from 'payload'

export const CollectionConfig: CollectionConfig = {
  // ...
  fields: [
    // ...
    {
      // ...
      admin: {
        components: {
          Field: MyFieldComponent, // highlight-line
        },
      },
    }
  ]
}
```

_For details on how to build Custom Components, see [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components)._

<Banner type="warning">
  Instead of replacing the entire Field Component, you can alternately replace or slot-in only specific parts by using the [`Label`](#the-label-component), [`Error`](#the-error-component), [`beforeInput`](#afterinput-and-beforinput), and [`afterInput`](#afterinput-and-beforinput) properties.
</Banner>

All Field Components receive the following props:

| Property         | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **`AfterInput`** | The rendered result of the `admin.components.afterInput` property. [More details](#afterinput-and-beforeinput).                                                                                                      |
| **`BeforeInput`** | The rendered result of the `admin.components.beforeInput` property. [More details](#afterinput-and-beforeinput).                                                                                                      |
| **`CustomDescription`** | The rendered result of the `admin.components.Description` property. [More details](#the-description-component).                                                                                                      |
| **`CustomError`** | The rendered result of the `admin.components.Error` property. [More details](#the-error-component).                                                                                                      |
| **`CustomLabel`** | The rendered result of the `admin.components.Label` property. [More details](#the-label-component).
| **`path`**       | The static path of the field at render time. [More details](./hooks#usefieldprops). |
| **`disabled`**   | The `admin.disabled` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |
| **`required`**   | The `admin.required` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |
| **`className`**  | The `admin.className` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |
| **`style`**      | The `admin.style` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview).                                                                                                                                                      |
| **`custom`**     | The `admin.custom` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview).
| **`placeholder`** | The `admin.placeholder` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |
| **`descriptionProps`** | An object that contains the props for the `FieldDescription` component.                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **`labelProps`** | An object that contains the props needed for the `FieldLabel` component.                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **`errorProps`** | An object that contains the props for the `FieldError` component.                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **`docPreferences`** | An object that contains the preferences for the document.                                                                                                                                                                         |
| **`label`**      | The label value provided in the field, it can be used with i18n.                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **`locale`**     | The locale of the field. [More details](../configuration/localization).                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **`localized`**  | A boolean value that represents if the field is localized or not. [More details](../fields/localized).                                                                                                                                                                   |
| **`readOnly`**   | A boolean value that represents if the field is read-only or not.                                                                                                                                                                  |
| **`rtl`**        | A boolean value that represents if the field should be rendered right-to-left or not. [More details](../configuration/i18n).                                                                                           |
| **`user`**       | The currently authenticated user. [More details](../authentication/overview). |
| **`validate`**   | A function that can be used to validate the field.                                                                                                                                                                                 |
| **`hasMany`**    | If a [`relationship`](../fields/relationship) field, the `hasMany` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |
| **`maxLength`**  | If a [`text`](../fields/text) field, the `maxLength` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |
| **`minLength`**  | If a [`text`](../fields/text) field, the `minLength` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |

<Banner type="success">
  <strong>Reminder:</strong>
  All [Custom Server Components](./components) receive the `payload` and `i18n` properties by default. See [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components) for more details.
</Banner>

#### Sending and receiving values from the form

When swapping out the `Field` component, you are responsible for sending and receiving the field's `value` from the form itself.

To do so, import the [`useField`](./hooks#usefield) hook from `@payloadcms/ui` and use it to manage the field's value:

```tsx
'use client'
import { useField } from '@payloadcms/ui'

export const CustomTextField: React.FC = () => {
  const { value, setValue } = useField() // highlight-line

  return (
    <input
      onChange={(e) => setValue(e.target.value)}
      value={value}
    />
  )
}
```

<Banner type="success">
  For a complete list of all available React hooks, see the [Payload React Hooks](./hooks) documentation. For additional help, see [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components).
</Banner>

### The Cell Component

The Cell Component is rendered in the table of the List View. It represents the value of the field when displayed in a table cell.

To easily swap in your own Cell Component, use the `admin.components.Cell` property in your [Field Config](../fields/overview):

```ts
import type { Field } from 'payload'

export const myField: Field = {
  name: 'myField',
  type: 'text',
  admin: {
    components: {
      Cell: MyCustomCell, // highlight-line
    },
  },
}
```

_For details on how to build Custom Components, see [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components)._

All Cell Components receive the following props:

| Property         | Description                                                       |
| ---------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **`name`** | The name of the field. |
| **`className`**  | The `admin.className` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |
| **`fieldType`** | The `type` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |
| **`schemaPath`** | The path to the field in the schema. Similar to `path`, but without dynamic indices. |
| **`isFieldAffectingData`** | A boolean value that represents if the field is affecting the data or not. |
| **`label`** | The label value provided in the field, it can be used with i18n. |
| **`labels`** | An object that contains the labels for the field. |
| **`link`** | A boolean representing whether this cell should be wrapped in a link. |
| **`onClick`** | A function that is called when the cell is clicked. |
| **`dateDisplayFormat`** | If a [`date`](../fields/date) field, the `admin.dateDisplayFormat` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |
| **`options`** | If a [`select`](../fields/select) field, this is an array of options defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). [More details](../fields/select). |
| **`relationTo`** | If a [`relationship`](../fields/relationship). or [`upload`](../fields/upload) field, this is the collection(s) the field is related to. |
| **`richTextComponentMap`** | If a [`richText`](../fields/rich-text) field, this is an object that maps the rich text components. [More details](../fields/rich-text). |
| **`blocks`** | If a [`blocks`](../fields/blocks) field, this is an array of labels and slugs representing the blocks defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). [More details](../fields/blocks). |

<Banner type="info">
  <strong>Tip:</strong>
  Use the [`useTableCell`](./hooks#usetablecell) hook to subscribe to the field's `cellData` and `rowData`.
</Banner>

<Banner type="success">
  <strong>Reminder:</strong>
  All [Custom Server Components](./components) receive the `payload` and `i18n` properties by default. See [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components) for more details.
</Banner>

### The Label Component

The Label Component is rendered anywhere a field needs to be represented by a label. This is typically used in the Edit View, but can also be used in the List View and elsewhere.

To easily swap in your own Label Component, use the `admin.components.Label` property in your [Field Config](../fields/overview):

```ts
import type { Field } from 'payload'

export const myField: Field = {
  name: 'myField',
  type: 'text',
  admin: {
    components: {
      Label: MyCustomLabel, // highlight-line
    },
  },
}
```

_For details on how to build Custom Components, see [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components)._

All Label Components receive the following props:

| Property       | Description                                                      |
| -------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **`label`**    | Label value provided in field, it can be used with i18n.         |
| **`required`** | The `admin.required` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview). |
| **`schemaPath`** | The path to the field in the schema. Similar to `path`, but without dynamic indices. |

<Banner type="success">
  <strong>Reminder:</strong>
  All [Custom Server Components](./components) receive the `payload` and `i18n` properties by default. See [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components) for more details.
</Banner>

### The Error Component

The Error Component is rendered when a field fails validation. It is typically displayed beneath the field input in a visually-compelling style.

To easily swap in your own Error Component, use the `admin.components.Error` property in your [Field Config](../fields/overview):

```ts
import type { Field } from 'payload'

export const myField: Field = {
  name: 'myField',
  type: 'text',
  admin: {
    components: {
      Error: MyCustomError, // highlight-line
    },
  },
}
```

_For details on how to build Custom Components, see [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components)._

All Error Components receive the following props:

| Property        | Description                                                   |
| --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **`path`***       | The static path of the field at render time. [More details](./hooks#usefieldprops). |

<Banner type="success">
  <strong>Reminder:</strong>
  All [Custom Server Components](./components) receive the `payload` and `i18n` properties by default. See [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components) for more details.
</Banner>

### The Description Property

Field Descriptions are used to provide additional information to the editor about a field, such as special instructions. Their placement varies from field to field, but typically are displayed with subtle style differences beneath the field inputs.

A description can be configured in three ways:

  - As a string.
  - As a function which returns a string. [More details](#description-functions).
  - As a React component. [More details](#the-description-component).

To easily add a Custom Description to a field, use the `admin.description` property in your [Field Config](../fields/overview):

```ts
import type { SanitizedCollectionConfig } from 'payload'

export const MyCollectionConfig: SanitizedCollectionConfig = {
  // ...
  fields: [
    // ...
    {
      name: 'myField',
      type: 'text',
      admin: {
        description: 'Hello, world!' // highlight-line
      },
    },
  ]
}
```

<Banner type="warning">
  <strong>Reminder:</strong>
  To replace the Field Description with a [Custom Component](./components), use the `admin.components.Description` property. [More details](#the-description-component).
</Banner>

#### Description Functions

Custom Descriptions can also be defined as a function. Description Functions are executed on the server and can be used to format simple descriptions based on the user's current [Locale](../configuration/localization).

To easily add a Description Function to a field, set the `admin.description` property to a _function_ in your [Field Config](../fields/overview):

```ts
import type { SanitizedCollectionConfig } from 'payload'

export const MyCollectionConfig: SanitizedCollectionConfig = {
  // ...
  fields: [
    // ...
    {
      name: 'myField',
      type: 'text',
      admin: {
        description: ({ t }) => `${t('Hello, world!')}` // highlight-line
      },
    },
  ]
}
```

All Description Functions receive the following arguments:

| Argument       | Description                                                      |
| -------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **`t`**        | The `t` function used to internationalize the Admin Panel. [More details](../configuration/i18n) |

### The Description Component

Alternatively to the [Description Property](#the-description-property), you can also use a [Custom Component](./components) as the Field Description. This can be useful when you need to provide more complex feedback to the user, such as rendering dynamic field values or other interactive elements.

To easily add a Description Component to a field, use the `admin.components.Description` property in your [Field Config](../fields/overview):

```ts
import type { SanitizedCollectionConfig } from 'payload'
import { MyCustomDescription } from './MyCustomDescription'

export const MyCollectionConfig: SanitizedCollectionConfig = {
  // ...
  fields: [
    // ...
    {
      name: 'myField',
      type: 'text',
      admin: {
        components: {
          Description: MyCustomDescription, // highlight-line
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

_For details on how to build a Custom Description, see [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components)._

All Description Components receive the following props:

| Property       | Description                                                      |
| -------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **`description`**    | The `description` property defined in the [Field Config](../fields/overview).         |

<Banner type="success">
  <strong>Reminder:</strong>
  All [Custom Server Components](./components) receive the `payload` and `i18n` properties by default. See [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components) for more details.
</Banner>

### afterInput and beforeInput

With these properties you can add multiple components _before_ and _after_ the input element, as their name suggests. This is useful when you need to render additional elements alongside the field without replacing the entire field component.

To add components before and after the input element, use the `admin.components.beforeInput` and `admin.components.afterInput` properties in your [Field Config](../fields/overview):

```ts
import type { SanitizedCollectionConfig } from 'payload'

export const MyCollectionConfig: SanitizedCollectionConfig = {
  // ...
  fields: [
    // ...
    {
      name: 'myField',
      type: 'text',
      admin: {
        components: {
          // highlight-start
          beforeInput: [MyCustomComponent],
          afterInput: [MyOtherCustomComponent],
          // highlight-end
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

_For details on how to build Custom Components, see [Building Custom Components](./components#building-custom-components)._

## Conditional Logic

You can show and hide fields based on what other fields are doing by utilizing conditional logic on a field by field basis. The `condition` property on a field's admin config accepts a function which takes three arguments:

- `data` - the entire document's data that is currently being edited
- `siblingData` - only the fields that are direct siblings to the field with the condition
- `{ user }` - the final argument is an object containing the currently authenticated user

The `condition` function should return a boolean that will control if the field should be displayed or not.

**Example:**

```ts
{
  fields: [
    {
      name: 'enableGreeting',
      type: 'checkbox',
      defaultValue: false,
    },
    {
      name: 'greeting',
      type: 'text',
      admin: {
        // highlight-start
        condition: (data, siblingData, { user }) => {
          if (data.enableGreeting) {
            return true
          } else {
            return false
          }
        },
        // highlight-end
      },
    },
  ]
}
```