feat: auth sessions (#12483)

Adds full session functionality into Payload's existing local
authentication strategy.

It's enabled by default, because this is a more secure pattern that we
should enforce. However, we have provided an opt-out pattern for those
that want to stick to stateless JWT authentication by passing
`collectionConfig.auth.useSessions: false`.

Todo:

- [x] @jessrynkar to update the Next.js server functions for refresh and
logout to support these new features
- [x] @jessrynkar resolve build errors

---------

Co-authored-by: Elliot DeNolf <denolfe@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Jessica Chowdhury <jessica@trbl.design>
Co-authored-by: Jarrod Flesch <30633324+JarrodMFlesch@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Sasha <64744993+r1tsuu@users.noreply.github.com>

docs/authentication/operations.mdx

@@ -180,19 +180,22 @@ As Payload sets HTTP-only cookies, logging out cannot be done by just removing a
 **Example REST API logout**:
 
 ```ts
-const res = await fetch('http://localhost:3000/api/[collection-slug]/logout', {
+const res = await fetch(
+  'http://localhost:3000/api/[collection-slug]/logout?allSessions=false',
+  {
     method: 'POST',
     headers: {
       'Content-Type': 'application/json',
     },
-})
+  },
+)
 ```
 
 **Example GraphQL Mutation**:
 
 ```
 mutation {
-  logout[collection-singular-label]
+  logoutUser(allSessions: false)
 }
 ```
 
@@ -203,6 +206,10 @@ mutation {
   docs](../local-api/server-functions#reusable-payload-server-functions).
 </Banner>
 
+#### Logging out with sessions enabled
+
+By default, logging out will only end the session pertaining to the JWT that was used to log out with. However, you can pass `allSessions: true` to the logout operation in order to end all sessions for the user logging out.
+
 ## Refresh
 
 Allows for "refreshing" JWTs. If your user has a token that is about to expire, but the user is still active and using the app, you might want to use the `refresh` operation to receive a new token by executing this operation via the authenticated user.

docs/authentication/overview.mdx

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ The following options are available:
 | **`strategies`**               | Advanced - an array of custom authentication strategies to extend this collection's authentication with. [More details](./custom-strategies).                                                                               |
 | **`tokenExpiration`**          | How long (in seconds) to keep the user logged in. JWTs and HTTP-only cookies will both expire at the same time.                                                                                                             |
 | **`useAPIKey`**                | Payload Authentication provides for API keys to be set on each user within an Authentication-enabled Collection. [More details](./api-keys).                                                                                |
+| **`useSessions`**              | True by default. Set to `false` to use stateless JWTs for authentication instead of sessions.                                                                                                                               |
 | **`verify`**                   | Set to `true` or pass an object with verification options to require users to verify by email before they are allowed to log into your app. [More details](./email#email-verification).                                     |
 
 ### Login With Username

docs/local-api/server-functions.mdx

@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ export default function LoginForm() {
 
 ### Logout
 
-Logs out the current user by clearing the authentication cookie.
+Logs out the current user by clearing the authentication cookie and current sessions.
 
 #### Importing the `logout` function
 
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ Logs out the current user by clearing the authentication cookie.
 import { logout } from '@payloadcms/next/auth'
 ```
 
-Similar to the login function, you now need to pass your Payload config to this function and this cannot be done in a client component. Use a helper server function as shown below.
+Similar to the login function, you now need to pass your Payload config to this function and this cannot be done in a client component. Use a helper server function as shown below. To ensure all sessions are cleared, set `allSessions: true` in the options, if you wish to logout but keep current sessions active, you can set this to `false` or leave it `undefined`.
 
 ```ts
 'use server'
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ import config from '@payload-config'
 
 export async function logoutAction() {
   try {
-    return await logout({ config })
+    return await logout({ allSessions: true, config })
   } catch (error) {
     throw new Error(
       `Logout failed: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error'}`,
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ export default function LogoutButton() {
 
 ### Refresh
 
-Refreshes the authentication token for the logged-in user.
+Refreshes the authentication token and current session for the logged-in user.
 
 #### Importing the `refresh` function
 
@@ -453,7 +453,6 @@ import config from '@payload-config'
 export async function refreshAction() {
   try {
     return await refresh({
-      collection: 'users', // pass your collection slug
       config,
     })
   } catch (error) {

docs/plugins/sentry.mdx

@@ -74,9 +74,7 @@ import * as Sentry from '@sentry/nextjs'
 
 const config = buildConfig({
   collections: [Pages, Media],
-  plugins: [
-    sentryPlugin({ Sentry })
-  ],
+  plugins: [sentryPlugin({ Sentry })],
 })
 
 export default config
@@ -98,9 +96,7 @@ export default buildConfig({
     pool: { connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL },
     pg, // Inject the patched pg driver for Sentry instrumentation
   }),
-  plugins: [
-    sentryPlugin({ Sentry })
-  ],
+  plugins: [sentryPlugin({ Sentry })],
 })
 ```
 

packages/graphql/src/resolvers/auth/logout.ts

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import type { Context } from '../types.js'
 export function logout(collection: Collection): any {
   async function resolver(_, args, context: Context) {
     const options = {
+      allSessions: args.allSessions,
       collection,
       req: isolateObjectProperty(context.req, 'transactionID'),
     }

packages/graphql/src/schema/initCollections.ts

@@ -487,6 +487,9 @@ export function initCollections({ config, graphqlResult }: InitCollectionsGraphQ
 
         graphqlResult.Mutation.fields[`logout${singularName}`] = {
           type: GraphQLString,
+          args: {
+            allSessions: { type: GraphQLBoolean },
+          },
           resolve: logout(collection),
         }
 

packages/next/src/auth/logout.ts

@@ -1,24 +1,46 @@
 'use server'
 
+import type { SanitizedConfig } from 'payload'
+
 import { cookies as getCookies, headers as nextHeaders } from 'next/headers.js'
-import { getPayload } from 'payload'
+import { createLocalReq, getPayload, logoutOperation } from 'payload'
 
 import { getExistingAuthToken } from '../utilities/getExistingAuthToken.js'
 
-export async function logout({ config }: { config: any }) {
+export async function logout({
+  allSessions = false,
+  config,
+}: {
+  allSessions?: boolean
+  config: Promise<SanitizedConfig> | SanitizedConfig
+}) {
   const payload = await getPayload({ config })
   const headers = await nextHeaders()
-  const result = await payload.auth({ headers })
+  const authResult = await payload.auth({ headers })
 
-  if (!result.user) {
+  if (!authResult.user) {
     return { message: 'User already logged out', success: true }
   }
 
-  const existingCookie = await getExistingAuthToken(payload.config.cookiePrefix)
+  const { user } = authResult
+  const req = await createLocalReq({ user }, payload)
+  const collection = payload.collections[user.collection]
 
+  const logoutResult = await logoutOperation({
+    allSessions,
+    collection,
+    req,
+  })
+
+  if (!logoutResult) {
+    return { message: 'Logout failed', success: false }
+  }
+
+  const existingCookie = await getExistingAuthToken(payload.config.cookiePrefix)
   if (existingCookie) {
     const cookies = await getCookies()
     cookies.delete(existingCookie.name)
-    return { message: 'User logged out successfully', success: true }
   }
+
+  return { message: 'User logged out successfully', success: true }
 }

packages/next/src/auth/refresh.ts

@@ -3,33 +3,45 @@
 import type { CollectionSlug } from 'payload'
 
 import { headers as nextHeaders } from 'next/headers.js'
-import { getPayload } from 'payload'
+import { createLocalReq, getPayload, refreshOperation } from 'payload'
 
 import { getExistingAuthToken } from '../utilities/getExistingAuthToken.js'
 import { setPayloadAuthCookie } from '../utilities/setPayloadAuthCookie.js'
 
-export async function refresh({ collection, config }: { collection: CollectionSlug; config: any }) {
+export async function refresh({ config }: { config: any }) {
   const payload = await getPayload({ config })
-  const authConfig = payload.collections[collection]?.config.auth
+  const headers = await nextHeaders()
+  const result = await payload.auth({ headers })
 
-  if (!authConfig) {
+  if (!result.user) {
+    throw new Error('Cannot refresh token: user not authenticated')
+  }
+
+  const collection: CollectionSlug | undefined = result.user.collection
+  const collectionConfig = payload.collections[collection]
+
+  if (!collectionConfig?.config.auth) {
     throw new Error(`No auth config found for collection: ${collection}`)
   }
 
-  const { user } = await payload.auth({ headers: await nextHeaders() })
+  const req = await createLocalReq({ user: result.user }, payload)
 
-  if (!user) {
-    throw new Error('User not authenticated')
+  const refreshResult = await refreshOperation({
+    collection: collectionConfig,
+    req,
+  })
+
+  if (!refreshResult) {
+    return { message: 'Token refresh failed', success: false }
   }
 
   const existingCookie = await getExistingAuthToken(payload.config.cookiePrefix)
-
   if (!existingCookie) {
-    return { message: 'No valid token found', success: false }
+    return { message: 'No valid token found to refresh', success: false }
   }
 
   await setPayloadAuthCookie({
-    authConfig,
+    authConfig: collectionConfig.config.auth,
     cookiePrefix: payload.config.cookiePrefix,
     token: existingCookie.value,
   })

packages/payload/src/auth/baseFields/sessions.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import type { ArrayField } from '../../fields/config/types.js'
+
+export const sessionsFieldConfig: ArrayField = {
+  name: 'sessions',
+  type: 'array',
+  access: {
+    read: ({ doc, req: { user } }) => {
+      return user?.id === doc?.id
+    },
+    update: () => false,
+  },
+  admin: {
+    disabled: true,
+  },
+  fields: [
+    {
+      name: 'id',
+      type: 'text',
+      required: true,
+    },
+    {
+      name: 'createdAt',
+      type: 'date',
+      defaultValue: () => new Date(),
+    },
+    {
+      name: 'expiresAt',
+      type: 'date',
+      required: true,
+    },
+  ],
+}

packages/payload/src/auth/endpoints/logout.ts

@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ import { logoutOperation } from '../operations/logout.js'
 
 export const logoutHandler: PayloadHandler = async (req) => {
   const collection = getRequestCollection(req)
-  const { t } = req
+  const { searchParams, t } = req
+
   const result = await logoutOperation({
+    allSessions: searchParams.get('allSessions') === 'true',
     collection,
     req,
   })

packages/payload/src/auth/getAuthFields.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { accountLockFields } from './baseFields/accountLock.js'
 import { apiKeyFields } from './baseFields/apiKey.js'
 import { baseAuthFields } from './baseFields/auth.js'
 import { emailFieldConfig } from './baseFields/email.js'
+import { sessionsFieldConfig } from './baseFields/sessions.js'
 import { usernameFieldConfig } from './baseFields/username.js'
 import { verificationFields } from './baseFields/verification.js'
 
@@ -52,6 +53,10 @@ export const getBaseAuthFields = (authConfig: IncomingAuthType): Field[] => {
     if (authConfig?.maxLoginAttempts && authConfig.maxLoginAttempts > 0) {
       authFields.push(...accountLockFields)
     }
+
+    if (authConfig.useSessions) {
+      authFields.push(sessionsFieldConfig)
+    }
   }
 
   return authFields

packages/payload/src/auth/getFieldsToSign.ts

@@ -114,9 +114,10 @@ const traverseFields = ({
 export const getFieldsToSign = (args: {
   collectionConfig: CollectionConfig
   email: string
+  sid?: string
   user: PayloadRequest['user']
 }): Record<string, unknown> => {
-  const { collectionConfig, email, user } = args
+  const { collectionConfig, email, sid, user } = args
 
   const result: Record<string, unknown> = {
     id: user?.id,
@@ -124,6 +125,10 @@ export const getFieldsToSign = (args: {
     email,
   }
 
+  if (sid) {
+    result.sid = sid
+  }
+
   traverseFields({
     data: user!,
     fields: collectionConfig.fields,

packages/payload/src/auth/operations/login.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { v4 as uuid } from 'uuid'
+
 import type {
   AuthOperationsFromCollectionSlug,
   Collection,
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@ import { getFieldsToSign } from '../getFieldsToSign.js'
 import { getLoginOptions } from '../getLoginOptions.js'
 import { isUserLocked } from '../isUserLocked.js'
 import { jwtSign } from '../jwt.js'
+import { removeExpiredSessions } from '../removeExpiredSessions.js'
 import { authenticateLocalStrategy } from '../strategies/local/authenticate.js'
 import { incrementLoginAttempts } from '../strategies/local/incrementLoginAttempts.js'
 import { resetLoginAttempts } from '../strategies/local/resetLoginAttempts.js'
@@ -114,7 +117,6 @@ export const loginOperation = async <TSlug extends CollectionSlug>(
     // Login
     // /////////////////////////////////////
 
-    let user
     const { email: unsanitizedEmail, password } = data
     const loginWithUsername = collectionConfig.auth.loginWithUsername
 
@@ -204,7 +206,7 @@ export const loginOperation = async <TSlug extends CollectionSlug>(
       whereConstraint = usernameConstraint
     }
 
-    user = await payload.db.findOne<any>({
+    let user = await payload.db.findOne<any>({
       collection: collectionConfig.slug,
       req,
       where: whereConstraint,
@@ -239,6 +241,41 @@ export const loginOperation = async <TSlug extends CollectionSlug>(
       throw new AuthenticationError(req.t)
     }
 
+    const fieldsToSignArgs: Parameters<typeof getFieldsToSign>[0] = {
+      collectionConfig,
+      email: sanitizedEmail!,
+      user,
+    }
+
+    if (collectionConfig.auth.useSessions) {
+      // Add session to user
+      const newSessionID = uuid()
+      const now = new Date()
+      const tokenExpInMs = collectionConfig.auth.tokenExpiration * 1000
+      const expiresAt = new Date(now.getTime() + tokenExpInMs)
+
+      const session = { id: newSessionID, createdAt: now, expiresAt }
+
+      if (!user.sessions?.length) {
+        user.sessions = [session]
+      } else {
+        user.sessions = removeExpiredSessions(user.sessions)
+        user.sessions.push(session)
+      }
+
+      await payload.db.updateOne({
+        id: user.id,
+        collection: collectionConfig.slug,
+        data: user,
+        req,
+        returning: false,
+      })
+
+      fieldsToSignArgs.sid = newSessionID
+    }
+
+    const fieldsToSign = getFieldsToSign(fieldsToSignArgs)
+
     if (maxLoginAttemptsEnabled) {
       await resetLoginAttempts({
         collection: collectionConfig,
@@ -248,12 +285,6 @@ export const loginOperation = async <TSlug extends CollectionSlug>(
       })
     }
 
-    const fieldsToSign = getFieldsToSign({
-      collectionConfig,
-      email: sanitizedEmail!,
-      user,
-    })
-
     // /////////////////////////////////////
     // beforeLogin - Collection
     // /////////////////////////////////////

packages/payload/src/auth/operations/logout.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import type { PayloadRequest } from '../../types/index.js'
 import { APIError } from '../../errors/index.js'
 
 export type Arguments = {
+  allSessions?: boolean
   collection: Collection
   req: PayloadRequest
 }
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ export type Arguments = {
 export const logoutOperation = async (incomingArgs: Arguments): Promise<boolean> => {
   let args = incomingArgs
   const {
+    allSessions,
     collection: { config: collectionConfig },
     req: { user },
     req,
@@ -36,5 +38,41 @@ export const logoutOperation = async (incomingArgs: Arguments): Promise<boolean>
     }
   }
 
+  if (collectionConfig.auth.disableLocalStrategy !== true && collectionConfig.auth.useSessions) {
+    const userWithSessions = await req.payload.db.findOne<{
+      id: number | string
+      sessions: { id: string }[]
+    }>({
+      collection: collectionConfig.slug,
+      req,
+      where: {
+        id: {
+          equals: user.id,
+        },
+      },
+    })
+
+    if (!userWithSessions) {
+      throw new APIError('No User', httpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
+    }
+
+    if (allSessions) {
+      userWithSessions.sessions = []
+    } else {
+      const sessionsAfterLogout = (userWithSessions?.sessions || []).filter(
+        (s) => s.id !== req?.user?._sid,
+      )
+
+      userWithSessions.sessions = sessionsAfterLogout
+    }
+
+    await req.payload.db.updateOne({
+      id: user.id,
+      collection: collectionConfig.slug,
+      data: userWithSessions,
+      returning: false,
+    })
+  }
+
   return true
 }

packages/payload/src/auth/operations/refresh.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import url from 'url'
+import { v4 as uuid } from 'uuid'
 
 import type { Collection } from '../../collections/config/types.js'
 import type { Document, PayloadRequest } from '../../types/index.js'
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ import { initTransaction } from '../../utilities/initTransaction.js'
 import { killTransaction } from '../../utilities/killTransaction.js'
 import { getFieldsToSign } from '../getFieldsToSign.js'
 import { jwtSign } from '../jwt.js'
+import { removeExpiredSessions } from '../removeExpiredSessions.js'
 
 export type Result = {
   exp: number
@@ -79,6 +81,31 @@ export const refreshOperation = async (incomingArgs: Arguments): Promise<Result>
       req: args.req,
     })
 
+    const sid = args.req.user._sid
+
+    if (collectionConfig.auth.useSessions && !collectionConfig.auth.disableLocalStrategy) {
+      if (!Array.isArray(user.sessions) || !sid) {
+        throw new Forbidden(args.req.t)
+      }
+
+      const existingSession = user.sessions.find(({ id }) => id === sid)
+
+      const now = new Date()
+      const tokenExpInMs = collectionConfig.auth.tokenExpiration * 1000
+      existingSession.expiresAt = new Date(now.getTime() + tokenExpInMs)
+
+      await req.payload.db.updateOne({
+        id: user.id,
+        collection: collectionConfig.slug,
+        data: {
+          ...user,
+          sessions: removeExpiredSessions(user.sessions),
+        },
+        req,
+        returning: false,
+      })
+    }
+
     if (user) {
       user.collection = args.req.user.collection
       user._strategy = args.req.user._strategy
@@ -103,6 +130,7 @@ export const refreshOperation = async (incomingArgs: Arguments): Promise<Result>
       const fieldsToSign = getFieldsToSign({
         collectionConfig,
         email: user?.email as string,
+        sid,
         user: args?.req?.user,
       })
 

packages/payload/src/auth/removeExpiredSessions.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import type { UserSession } from './types.js'
+
+export const removeExpiredSessions = (sessions: UserSession[]) => {
+  const now = new Date()
+
+  return sessions.filter(({ expiresAt }) => {
+    const expiry = expiresAt instanceof Date ? expiresAt : new Date(expiresAt)
+    return expiry > now
+  })
+}

packages/payload/src/auth/strategies/jwt.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { extractJWT } from '../extractJWT.js'
 type JWTToken = {
   collection: string
   id: string
+  sid?: string
 }
 
 async function autoLogin({
@@ -100,6 +101,18 @@ export const JWTAuthentication: AuthStrategyFunction = async ({
     })) as AuthStrategyResult['user']
 
     if (user && (!collection!.config.auth.verify || user._verified)) {
+      if (collection!.config.auth.useSessions) {
+        const existingSession = (user.sessions || []).find(({ id }) => id === decodedPayload.sid)
+
+        if (!existingSession || !decodedPayload.sid) {
+          return {
+            user: null,
+          }
+        }
+
+        user._sid = decodedPayload.sid
+      }
+
       user.collection = collection!.config.slug
       user._strategy = strategyName
       return {

packages/payload/src/auth/types.ts

@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ type BaseUser = {
   collection: string
   email?: string
   id: number | string
+  sessions?: Array<UserSession>
   username?: string
 }
 
@@ -133,6 +134,7 @@ export type ClientUser = {
   [key: string]: any
 } & BaseUser
 
+export type UserSession = { createdAt: Date | string; expiresAt: Date | string; id: string }
 type GenerateVerifyEmailHTML<TUser = any> = (args: {
   req: PayloadRequest
   token: string
@@ -277,6 +279,13 @@ export interface IncomingAuthType {
    * @link https://payloadcms.com/docs/authentication/api-keys
    */
   useAPIKey?: boolean
+
+  /**
+   * Use sessions for authentication. Enabled by default.
+   * @default true
+   */
+  useSessions?: boolean
+
   /**
    * Set to true or pass an object with verification options to require users to verify by email before they are allowed to log into your app.
    * @link https://payloadcms.com/docs/authentication/email#email-verification

packages/payload/src/collections/config/defaults.ts

@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ export const authDefaults: IncomingAuthType = {
   loginWithUsername: false,
   maxLoginAttempts: 5,
   tokenExpiration: 7200,
+  useSessions: true,
   verify: false,
 }
 
@@ -142,6 +143,7 @@ export const addDefaultsToAuthConfig = (auth: IncomingAuthType): IncomingAuthTyp
   auth.loginWithUsername = auth.loginWithUsername ?? false
   auth.maxLoginAttempts = auth.maxLoginAttempts ?? 5
   auth.tokenExpiration = auth.tokenExpiration ?? 7200
+  auth.useSessions = auth.useSessions ?? true
   auth.verify = auth.verify ?? false
   auth.strategies = auth.strategies ?? []
 

packages/payload/src/fields/hooks/afterRead/promise.ts

@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ export const promise = async ({
             })
           }
         })
-      } else {
+      } else if (field.hidden !== true || showHiddenFields === true) {
         siblingDoc[field.name] = []
       }
       break
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ export const promise = async ({
             })
           }
         })
-      } else {
+      } else if (field.hidden !== true || showHiddenFields === true) {
         siblingDoc[field.name] = []
       }
 

packages/payload/src/index.ts

@@ -138,6 +138,18 @@ import { getLogger } from './utilities/logger.js'
 import { serverInit as serverInitTelemetry } from './utilities/telemetry/events/serverInit.js'
 import { traverseFields } from './utilities/traverseFields.js'
 
+/**
+ * Export of all base fields that could potentially be
+ * useful as users wish to extend built-in fields with custom logic
+ */
+export { accountLockFields as baseAccountLockFields } from './auth/baseFields/accountLock.js'
+export { apiKeyFields as baseAPIKeyFields } from './auth/baseFields/apiKey.js'
+export { baseAuthFields } from './auth/baseFields/auth.js'
+export { emailFieldConfig as baseEmailField } from './auth/baseFields/email.js'
+export { sessionsFieldConfig as baseSessionsField } from './auth/baseFields/sessions.js'
+export { usernameFieldConfig as baseUsernameField } from './auth/baseFields/username.js'
+
+export { verificationFields as baseVerificationFields } from './auth/baseFields/verification.js'
 export { executeAccess } from './auth/executeAccess.js'
 export { executeAuthStrategies } from './auth/executeAuthStrategies.js'
 export { extractAccessFromPermission } from './auth/extractAccessFromPermission.js'

templates/website/package.json

@@ -58,27 +58,27 @@
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@eslint/eslintrc": "^3.2.0",
+    "@playwright/test": "1.50.0",
     "@tailwindcss/typography": "^0.5.13",
+    "@testing-library/react": "16.3.0",
     "@types/escape-html": "^1.0.2",
     "@types/node": "22.5.4",
     "@types/react": "19.1.0",
     "@types/react-dom": "19.1.2",
+    "@vitejs/plugin-react": "4.5.2",
     "autoprefixer": "^10.4.19",
     "copyfiles": "^2.4.1",
     "eslint": "^9.16.0",
     "eslint-config-next": "15.3.0",
+    "jsdom": "26.1.0",
+    "playwright": "1.50.0",
+    "playwright-core": "1.50.0",
     "postcss": "^8.4.38",
     "prettier": "^3.4.2",
     "tailwindcss": "^3.4.3",
-    "@playwright/test": "1.50.0",
-    "jsdom": "26.1.0",
-    "@testing-library/react": "16.3.0",
-    "@vitejs/plugin-react": "4.5.2",
-    "playwright": "1.50.0",
-    "playwright-core": "1.50.0",
+    "typescript": "5.7.3",
     "vite-tsconfig-paths": "5.1.4",
-    "vitest": "3.2.3",
-    "typescript": "5.7.3"
+    "vitest": "3.2.3"
   },
   "engines": {
     "node": "^18.20.2 || >=20.9.0",

templates/website/src/app/(payload)/admin/importMap.js

@@ -25,29 +25,47 @@ import { default as default_1a7510af427896d367a49dbf838d2de6 } from '@/component
 import { default as default_8a7ab0eb7ab5c511aba12e68480bfe5e } from '@/components/BeforeLogin'
 
 export const importMap = {
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/rsc#RscEntryLexicalCell": RscEntryLexicalCell_44fe37237e0ebf4470c9990d8cb7b07e,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/rsc#RscEntryLexicalField": RscEntryLexicalField_44fe37237e0ebf4470c9990d8cb7b07e,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/rsc#LexicalDiffComponent": LexicalDiffComponent_44fe37237e0ebf4470c9990d8cb7b07e,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#InlineToolbarFeatureClient": InlineToolbarFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#FixedToolbarFeatureClient": FixedToolbarFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#HeadingFeatureClient": HeadingFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#ParagraphFeatureClient": ParagraphFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#UnderlineFeatureClient": UnderlineFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#BoldFeatureClient": BoldFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#ItalicFeatureClient": ItalicFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#LinkFeatureClient": LinkFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
-  "@payloadcms/plugin-seo/client#OverviewComponent": OverviewComponent_a8a977ebc872c5d5ea7ee689724c0860,
-  "@payloadcms/plugin-seo/client#MetaTitleComponent": MetaTitleComponent_a8a977ebc872c5d5ea7ee689724c0860,
-  "@payloadcms/plugin-seo/client#MetaImageComponent": MetaImageComponent_a8a977ebc872c5d5ea7ee689724c0860,
-  "@payloadcms/plugin-seo/client#MetaDescriptionComponent": MetaDescriptionComponent_a8a977ebc872c5d5ea7ee689724c0860,
-  "@payloadcms/plugin-seo/client#PreviewComponent": PreviewComponent_a8a977ebc872c5d5ea7ee689724c0860,
-  "@/fields/slug/SlugComponent#SlugComponent": SlugComponent_92cc057d0a2abb4f6cf0307edf59f986,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#HorizontalRuleFeatureClient": HorizontalRuleFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
-  "@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#BlocksFeatureClient": BlocksFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
-  "@payloadcms/plugin-search/client#LinkToDoc": LinkToDoc_aead06e4cbf6b2620c5c51c9ab283634,
-  "@payloadcms/plugin-search/client#ReindexButton": ReindexButton_aead06e4cbf6b2620c5c51c9ab283634,
-  "@/Header/RowLabel#RowLabel": RowLabel_ec255a65fa6fa8d1faeb09cf35284224,
-  "@/Footer/RowLabel#RowLabel": RowLabel_1f6ff6ff633e3695d348f4f3c58f1466,
-  "@/components/BeforeDashboard#default": default_1a7510af427896d367a49dbf838d2de6,
-  "@/components/BeforeLogin#default": default_8a7ab0eb7ab5c511aba12e68480bfe5e
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/rsc#RscEntryLexicalCell':
+    RscEntryLexicalCell_44fe37237e0ebf4470c9990d8cb7b07e,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/rsc#RscEntryLexicalField':
+    RscEntryLexicalField_44fe37237e0ebf4470c9990d8cb7b07e,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/rsc#LexicalDiffComponent':
+    LexicalDiffComponent_44fe37237e0ebf4470c9990d8cb7b07e,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#InlineToolbarFeatureClient':
+    InlineToolbarFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#FixedToolbarFeatureClient':
+    FixedToolbarFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#HeadingFeatureClient':
+    HeadingFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#ParagraphFeatureClient':
+    ParagraphFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#UnderlineFeatureClient':
+    UnderlineFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#BoldFeatureClient':
+    BoldFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#ItalicFeatureClient':
+    ItalicFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#LinkFeatureClient':
+    LinkFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
+  '@payloadcms/plugin-seo/client#OverviewComponent':
+    OverviewComponent_a8a977ebc872c5d5ea7ee689724c0860,
+  '@payloadcms/plugin-seo/client#MetaTitleComponent':
+    MetaTitleComponent_a8a977ebc872c5d5ea7ee689724c0860,
+  '@payloadcms/plugin-seo/client#MetaImageComponent':
+    MetaImageComponent_a8a977ebc872c5d5ea7ee689724c0860,
+  '@payloadcms/plugin-seo/client#MetaDescriptionComponent':
+    MetaDescriptionComponent_a8a977ebc872c5d5ea7ee689724c0860,
+  '@payloadcms/plugin-seo/client#PreviewComponent':
+    PreviewComponent_a8a977ebc872c5d5ea7ee689724c0860,
+  '@/fields/slug/SlugComponent#SlugComponent': SlugComponent_92cc057d0a2abb4f6cf0307edf59f986,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#HorizontalRuleFeatureClient':
+    HorizontalRuleFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
+  '@payloadcms/richtext-lexical/client#BlocksFeatureClient':
+    BlocksFeatureClient_e70f5e05f09f93e00b997edb1ef0c864,
+  '@payloadcms/plugin-search/client#LinkToDoc': LinkToDoc_aead06e4cbf6b2620c5c51c9ab283634,
+  '@payloadcms/plugin-search/client#ReindexButton': ReindexButton_aead06e4cbf6b2620c5c51c9ab283634,
+  '@/Header/RowLabel#RowLabel': RowLabel_ec255a65fa6fa8d1faeb09cf35284224,
+  '@/Footer/RowLabel#RowLabel': RowLabel_1f6ff6ff633e3695d348f4f3c58f1466,
+  '@/components/BeforeDashboard#default': default_1a7510af427896d367a49dbf838d2de6,
+  '@/components/BeforeLogin#default': default_8a7ab0eb7ab5c511aba12e68480bfe5e,
 }

test/access-control/payload-types.ts

@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ export interface Config {
     'auth-collection': AuthCollection;
     'payload-locked-documents': PayloadLockedDocument;
     'payload-preferences': PayloadPreference;
+    'payload-sessions': PayloadSession;
     'payload-migrations': PayloadMigration;
   };
   collectionsJoins: {};
@@ -125,6 +126,7 @@ export interface Config {
     'auth-collection': AuthCollectionSelect<false> | AuthCollectionSelect<true>;
     'payload-locked-documents': PayloadLockedDocumentsSelect<false> | PayloadLockedDocumentsSelect<true>;
     'payload-preferences': PayloadPreferencesSelect<false> | PayloadPreferencesSelect<true>;
+    'payload-sessions': PayloadSessionsSelect<false> | PayloadSessionsSelect<true>;
     'payload-migrations': PayloadMigrationsSelect<false> | PayloadMigrationsSelect<true>;
   };
   db: {
@@ -891,6 +893,26 @@ export interface PayloadPreference {
   updatedAt: string;
   createdAt: string;
 }
+/**
+ * This interface was referenced by `Config`'s JSON-Schema
+ * via the `definition` "payload-sessions".
+ */
+export interface PayloadSession {
+  id: string;
+  session: string;
+  expiration: string;
+  user:
+    | {
+        relationTo: 'users';
+        value: string | User;
+      }
+    | {
+        relationTo: 'public-users';
+        value: string | PublicUser;
+      };
+  updatedAt: string;
+  createdAt: string;
+}
 /**
  * This interface was referenced by `Config`'s JSON-Schema
  * via the `definition` "payload-migrations".
@@ -1295,6 +1317,17 @@ export interface PayloadPreferencesSelect<T extends boolean = true> {
   updatedAt?: T;
   createdAt?: T;
 }
+/**
+ * This interface was referenced by `Config`'s JSON-Schema
+ * via the `definition` "payload-sessions_select".
+ */
+export interface PayloadSessionsSelect<T extends boolean = true> {
+  session?: T;
+  expiration?: T;
+  user?: T;
+  updatedAt?: T;
+  createdAt?: T;
+}
 /**
  * This interface was referenced by `Config`'s JSON-Schema
  * via the `definition` "payload-migrations_select".

test/auth/int.spec.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* eslint-disable jest/no-conditional-in-test */
 import type {
   BasePayload,
   EmailFieldValidation,
@@ -737,7 +738,7 @@ describe('Auth', () => {
 
     it('should retain fields when auth.disableLocalStrategy.enableFields is true', () => {
       const authFields = payload.collections[partialDisableLocalStrategiesSlug].config.fields
-        // eslint-disable-next-line jest/no-conditional-in-test
+
         .filter((field) => 'name' in field && field.name)
         .map((field) => (field as FieldAffectingData).name)
 
@@ -751,6 +752,7 @@ describe('Auth', () => {
         'hash',
         'loginAttempts',
         'lockUntil',
+        'sessions',
       ])
     })
 
@@ -1051,4 +1053,215 @@ describe('Auth', () => {
       expect(emailValidation('user,name@example.com', mockContext)).toBe('validation:emailAddress')
     })
   })
+
+  describe('Sessions', () => {
+    it('should set a session on a user', async () => {
+      const authenticated = await payload.login({
+        collection: slug,
+        data: {
+          email: devUser.email,
+          password: devUser.password,
+        },
+      })
+
+      expect(authenticated.token).toBeTruthy()
+
+      const user = await payload.db.find<User>({
+        collection: slug,
+        where: {
+          id: {
+            equals: authenticated.user.id,
+          },
+        },
+      })
+
+      expect(Array.isArray(user.docs[0]?.sessions)).toBeTruthy()
+
+      const decoded = jwtDecode<{ sid: string }>(String(authenticated.token))
+
+      expect(decoded.sid).toBeDefined()
+
+      const matchedSession = user.docs[0]?.sessions?.find(({ id }) => id === decoded.sid)
+
+      expect(matchedSession).toBeDefined()
+      expect(matchedSession?.createdAt).toBeDefined()
+      expect(matchedSession?.expiresAt).toBeDefined()
+    })
+
+    it('should log out a user and delete only the session being logged out', async () => {
+      const authenticated = await payload.login({
+        collection: slug,
+        data: {
+          email: devUser.email,
+          password: devUser.password,
+        },
+      })
+
+      const authenticated2 = await payload.login({
+        collection: slug,
+        data: {
+          email: devUser.email,
+          password: devUser.password,
+        },
+      })
+
+      await restClient.POST(`/${slug}/logout`, {
+        headers: {
+          Authorization: `JWT ${authenticated.token}`,
+        },
+      })
+
+      const user = await payload.db.find<User>({
+        collection: slug,
+        where: {
+          email: {
+            equals: devUser.email,
+          },
+        },
+      })
+
+      const decoded = jwtDecode<{ sid: string }>(String(authenticated.token))
+      expect(decoded.sid).toBeDefined()
+
+      const remainingSessions = user.docs[0]?.sessions ?? []
+
+      const loggedOutSession = remainingSessions.find(({ id }) => id === decoded.sid)
+      expect(loggedOutSession).toBeUndefined()
+
+      const decoded2 = jwtDecode<{ sid: string }>(String(authenticated2.token))
+      expect(decoded2.sid).toBeDefined()
+
+      const existingSession = remainingSessions.find(({ id }) => id === decoded2.sid)
+      expect(existingSession?.id).toStrictEqual(decoded2.sid)
+    })
+
+    it('should refresh an existing session', async () => {
+      const authenticated = await payload.login({
+        collection: slug,
+        data: {
+          email: devUser.email,
+          password: devUser.password,
+        },
+      })
+
+      const decoded = jwtDecode<{ sid: string }>(String(authenticated.token))
+
+      const user = await payload.db.find<User>({
+        collection: slug,
+        where: {
+          email: {
+            equals: devUser.email,
+          },
+        },
+      })
+
+      const matchedSession = user.docs[0]?.sessions?.find(({ id }) => id === decoded.sid)
+
+      const refreshed = await restClient
+        .POST(`/${slug}/refresh-token`, {
+          headers: {
+            Authorization: `JWT ${authenticated.token}`,
+          },
+        })
+        .then((res) => res.json())
+
+      const refreshedUser = await payload.db.find<User>({
+        collection: slug,
+        where: {
+          email: {
+            equals: devUser.email,
+          },
+        },
+      })
+
+      const decodedRefreshed = jwtDecode<{ sid: string }>(String(refreshed.refreshedToken))
+
+      const matchedRefreshedSession = refreshedUser.docs[0]?.sessions?.find(
+        ({ id }) => id === decodedRefreshed.sid,
+      )
+
+      expect(decodedRefreshed.sid).toStrictEqual(decoded.sid)
+
+      expect(new Date(matchedSession?.expiresAt as unknown as string).getTime()).toBeLessThan(
+        new Date(matchedRefreshedSession?.expiresAt as unknown as string).getTime(),
+      )
+    })
+
+    it('should not authenticate a user who has a JWT but its session has been terminated', async () => {
+      const authenticated = await payload.login({
+        collection: slug,
+        data: {
+          email: devUser.email,
+          password: devUser.password,
+        },
+      })
+
+      await restClient.POST(`/${slug}/logout?allSessions=true`, {
+        headers: {
+          Authorization: `JWT ${authenticated.token}`,
+        },
+      })
+
+      const user = await payload.db.find<User>({
+        collection: slug,
+        where: {
+          email: {
+            equals: devUser.email,
+          },
+        },
+      })
+
+      const remainingSessions = user.docs[0]?.sessions
+      expect(remainingSessions).toHaveLength(0)
+
+      const meQuery = await restClient
+        .GET(`/${slug}/me`, {
+          headers: {
+            Authorization: `JWT ${authenticated.token}`,
+          },
+        })
+        .then((res) => res.json())
+
+      expect(meQuery.user).toBeNull()
+    })
+
+    it('should clean up expired sessions when logging in', async () => {
+      const userWithExpiredSession = await payload.create({
+        collection: slug,
+        data: {
+          email: `${devUser.email}.au`,
+          password: devUser.password,
+          roles: ['admin'],
+          sessions: [
+            {
+              id: uuid(),
+              createdAt: new Date().toDateString(),
+              expiresAt: new Date(new Date().getTime() - 5000).toDateString(), // Set an expired session
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      })
+
+      expect(userWithExpiredSession.sessions).toHaveLength(1)
+
+      await payload.login({
+        collection: slug,
+        data: {
+          email: devUser.email,
+          password: devUser.password,
+        },
+      })
+
+      const user2 = await payload.db.find<User>({
+        collection: slug,
+        where: {
+          email: {
+            equals: devUser.email,
+          },
+        },
+      })
+
+      expect(user2.docs[0]?.sessions).toHaveLength(1)
+    })
+  })
 })

test/auth/payload-types.ts

@@ -248,6 +248,11 @@ export interface User {
   hash?: string | null;
   loginAttempts?: number | null;
   lockUntil?: string | null;
+  sessions: {
+    id: string;
+    createdAt?: string | null;
+    expiresAt: string;
+  }[];
   password?: string | null;
 }
 /**
@@ -265,6 +270,11 @@ export interface PartialDisableLocalStrategy {
   hash?: string | null;
   loginAttempts?: number | null;
   lockUntil?: string | null;
+  sessions: {
+    id: string;
+    createdAt?: string | null;
+    expiresAt: string;
+  }[];
   password?: string | null;
 }
 /**
@@ -306,6 +316,11 @@ export interface PublicUser {
   _verificationToken?: string | null;
   loginAttempts?: number | null;
   lockUntil?: string | null;
+  sessions: {
+    id: string;
+    createdAt?: string | null;
+    expiresAt: string;
+  }[];
   password?: string | null;
 }
 /**
@@ -471,6 +486,13 @@ export interface UsersSelect<T extends boolean = true> {
   hash?: T;
   loginAttempts?: T;
   lockUntil?: T;
+  sessions?:
+    | T
+    | {
+        id?: T;
+        createdAt?: T;
+        expiresAt?: T;
+      };
 }
 /**
  * This interface was referenced by `Config`'s JSON-Schema
@@ -486,6 +508,13 @@ export interface PartialDisableLocalStrategiesSelect<T extends boolean = true> {
   hash?: T;
   loginAttempts?: T;
   lockUntil?: T;
+  sessions?:
+    | T
+    | {
+        id?: T;
+        createdAt?: T;
+        expiresAt?: T;
+      };
 }
 /**
  * This interface was referenced by `Config`'s JSON-Schema
@@ -523,6 +552,13 @@ export interface PublicUsersSelect<T extends boolean = true> {
   _verificationToken?: T;
   loginAttempts?: T;
   lockUntil?: T;
+  sessions?:
+    | T
+    | {
+        id?: T;
+        createdAt?: T;
+        expiresAt?: T;
+      };
 }
 /**
  * This interface was referenced by `Config`'s JSON-Schema

test/package.json

@@ -96,5 +96,8 @@
     "ts-essentials": "10.0.3",
     "typescript": "5.7.3",
     "uuid": "10.0.0"
+  },
+  "pnpm": {
+    "neverBuiltDependencies": []
   }
 }

test/server-functions/components/loginFunction.tsx

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ export async function loginFunction({ email, password }: LoginArgs) {
       email,
       password,
     })
-    return result
   } catch (error) {
     throw new Error(`Login failed: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error'}`)
   }

test/server-functions/components/refreshFunction.tsx

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import config from '../config.js'
 export async function refreshFunction() {
   try {
     return await refresh({
-      collection: 'users', // update this to your collection slug
       config,
     })
   } catch (error) {