diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 839bc4e6..8ef7d0ae 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ on:
     branches:
       - main
   pull_request:
+  workflow_dispatch:
 jobs:
   rubocop:
     name: RuboCop
diff --git a/Gemfile.lock b/Gemfile.lock
index c057d7f6..67963d62 100644
--- a/Gemfile.lock
+++ b/Gemfile.lock
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 PATH
   remote: .
   specs:
-    kamal (2.3.0)
+    kamal (2.4.0)
       activesupport (>= 7.0)
       base64 (~> 0.2)
       bcrypt_pbkdf (~> 1.0)
@@ -16,80 +16,87 @@ PATH
 GEM
   remote: https://rubygems.org/
   specs:
-    actionpack (7.1.4.1)
-      actionview (= 7.1.4.1)
-      activesupport (= 7.1.4.1)
+    actionpack (8.0.0.1)
+      actionview (= 8.0.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 8.0.0.1)
       nokogiri (>= 1.8.5)
-      racc
       rack (>= 2.2.4)
       rack-session (>= 1.0.1)
       rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
       rails-dom-testing (~> 2.2)
       rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.6)
-    actionview (7.1.4.1)
-      activesupport (= 7.1.4.1)
+      useragent (~> 0.16)
+    actionview (8.0.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 8.0.0.1)
       builder (~> 3.1)
       erubi (~> 1.11)
       rails-dom-testing (~> 2.2)
       rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.6)
-    activesupport (7.1.4.1)
+    activesupport (8.0.0.1)
       base64
+      benchmark (>= 0.3)
       bigdecimal
-      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
+      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.3.1)
       connection_pool (>= 2.2.5)
       drb
       i18n (>= 1.6, < 2)
+      logger (>= 1.4.2)
       minitest (>= 5.1)
-      mutex_m
-      tzinfo (~> 2.0)
+      securerandom (>= 0.3)
+      tzinfo (~> 2.0, >= 2.0.5)
+      uri (>= 0.13.1)
     ast (2.4.2)
     base64 (0.2.0)
     bcrypt_pbkdf (1.1.1)
     bcrypt_pbkdf (1.1.1-arm64-darwin)
     bcrypt_pbkdf (1.1.1-x86_64-darwin)
+    benchmark (0.4.0)
     bigdecimal (3.1.8)
     builder (3.3.0)
     concurrent-ruby (1.3.4)
     connection_pool (2.4.1)
     crass (1.0.6)
+    date (3.4.1)
     debug (1.9.2)
       irb (~> 1.10)
       reline (>= 0.3.8)
-    dotenv (3.1.2)
+    dotenv (3.1.5)
     drb (2.2.1)
     ed25519 (1.3.0)
     erubi (1.13.0)
     i18n (1.14.6)
       concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
-    io-console (0.7.2)
-    irb (1.14.0)
+    io-console (0.8.0)
+    irb (1.14.2)
       rdoc (>= 4.0.0)
       reline (>= 0.4.2)
-    json (2.7.2)
+    json (2.9.0)
     language_server-protocol (3.17.0.3)
-    loofah (2.22.0)
+    logger (1.6.3)
+    loofah (2.23.1)
       crass (~> 1.0.2)
       nokogiri (>= 1.12.0)
-    minitest (5.25.1)
-    mocha (2.4.5)
+    minitest (5.25.4)
+    mocha (2.7.1)
       ruby2_keywords (>= 0.0.5)
-    mutex_m (0.2.0)
     net-scp (4.0.0)
       net-ssh (>= 2.6.5, < 8.0.0)
     net-sftp (4.0.0)
       net-ssh (>= 5.0.0, < 8.0.0)
     net-ssh (7.3.0)
-    nokogiri (1.16.7-arm64-darwin)
+    nokogiri (1.17.2-arm64-darwin)
       racc (~> 1.4)
-    nokogiri (1.16.7-x86_64-darwin)
+    nokogiri (1.17.2-x86_64-darwin)
       racc (~> 1.4)
-    nokogiri (1.16.7-x86_64-linux)
+    nokogiri (1.17.2-x86_64-linux)
       racc (~> 1.4)
-    parallel (1.25.1)
-    parser (3.3.4.0)
+    ostruct (0.6.1)
+    parallel (1.26.3)
+    parser (3.3.6.0)
       ast (~> 2.4.1)
       racc
-    psych (5.1.2)
+    psych (5.2.1)
+      date
       stringio
     racc (1.8.1)
     rack (3.1.8)
@@ -97,55 +104,52 @@ GEM
       rack (>= 3.0.0)
     rack-test (2.1.0)
       rack (>= 1.3)
-    rackup (2.1.0)
+    rackup (2.2.1)
       rack (>= 3)
-      webrick (~> 1.8)
     rails-dom-testing (2.2.0)
       activesupport (>= 5.0.0)
       minitest
       nokogiri (>= 1.6)
-    rails-html-sanitizer (1.6.0)
+    rails-html-sanitizer (1.6.2)
       loofah (~> 2.21)
-      nokogiri (~> 1.14)
-    railties (7.1.4.1)
-      actionpack (= 7.1.4.1)
-      activesupport (= 7.1.4.1)
-      irb
+      nokogiri (>= 1.15.7, != 1.16.7, != 1.16.6, != 1.16.5, != 1.16.4, != 1.16.3, != 1.16.2, != 1.16.1, != 1.16.0.rc1, != 1.16.0)
+    railties (8.0.0.1)
+      actionpack (= 8.0.0.1)
+      activesupport (= 8.0.0.1)
+      irb (~> 1.13)
       rackup (>= 1.0.0)
       rake (>= 12.2)
       thor (~> 1.0, >= 1.2.2)
       zeitwerk (~> 2.6)
     rainbow (3.1.1)
     rake (13.2.1)
-    rdoc (6.7.0)
+    rdoc (6.8.1)
       psych (>= 4.0.0)
-    regexp_parser (2.9.2)
-    reline (0.5.9)
+    regexp_parser (2.9.3)
+    reline (0.5.12)
       io-console (~> 0.5)
-    rexml (3.3.9)
-    rubocop (1.65.1)
+    rubocop (1.69.2)
       json (~> 2.3)
       language_server-protocol (>= 3.17.0)
       parallel (~> 1.10)
       parser (>= 3.3.0.2)
       rainbow (>= 2.2.2, < 4.0)
-      regexp_parser (>= 2.4, < 3.0)
-      rexml (>= 3.2.5, < 4.0)
-      rubocop-ast (>= 1.31.1, < 2.0)
+      regexp_parser (>= 2.9.3, < 3.0)
+      rubocop-ast (>= 1.36.2, < 2.0)
       ruby-progressbar (~> 1.7)
-      unicode-display_width (>= 2.4.0, < 3.0)
-    rubocop-ast (1.32.0)
+      unicode-display_width (>= 2.4.0, < 4.0)
+    rubocop-ast (1.36.2)
       parser (>= 3.3.1.0)
-    rubocop-minitest (0.35.1)
+    rubocop-minitest (0.36.0)
       rubocop (>= 1.61, < 2.0)
       rubocop-ast (>= 1.31.1, < 2.0)
-    rubocop-performance (1.21.1)
+    rubocop-performance (1.23.0)
       rubocop (>= 1.48.1, < 2.0)
       rubocop-ast (>= 1.31.1, < 2.0)
-    rubocop-rails (2.25.1)
+    rubocop-rails (2.27.0)
       activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
       rack (>= 1.1)
-      rubocop (>= 1.33.0, < 2.0)
+      rubocop (>= 1.52.0, < 2.0)
       rubocop-ast (>= 1.31.1, < 2.0)
     rubocop-rails-omakase (1.0.0)
       rubocop
@@ -154,17 +158,22 @@ GEM
       rubocop-rails
     ruby-progressbar (1.13.0)
     ruby2_keywords (0.0.5)
-    sshkit (1.23.0)
+    securerandom (0.4.0)
+    sshkit (1.23.2)
       base64
       net-scp (>= 1.1.2)
       net-sftp (>= 2.1.2)
       net-ssh (>= 2.8.0)
-    stringio (3.1.1)
-    thor (1.3.1)
+      ostruct
+    stringio (3.1.2)
+    thor (1.3.2)
     tzinfo (2.0.6)
       concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
-    unicode-display_width (2.5.0)
-    webrick (1.8.2)
+    unicode-display_width (3.1.2)
+      unicode-emoji (~> 4.0, >= 4.0.4)
+    unicode-emoji (4.0.4)
+    uri (1.0.2)
+    useragent (0.16.11)
     zeitwerk (2.7.1)
 
 PLATFORMS
diff --git a/lib/kamal/cli/accessory.rb b/lib/kamal/cli/accessory.rb
index 4de8832b..00999b2d 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/cli/accessory.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/cli/accessory.rb
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ class Kamal::Cli::Accessory < Kamal::Cli::Base
   option :since, aliases: "-s", desc: "Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)"
   option :lines, type: :numeric, aliases: "-n", desc: "Number of log lines to pull from each server"
   option :grep, aliases: "-g", desc: "Show lines with grep match only (use this to fetch specific requests by id)"
-  option :grep_options, aliases: "-o", desc: "Additional options supplied to grep"
+  option :grep_options, desc: "Additional options supplied to grep"
   option :follow, aliases: "-f", desc: "Follow logs on primary server (or specific host set by --hosts)"
   option :skip_timestamps, type: :boolean, aliases: "-T", desc: "Skip appending timestamps to logging output"
   def logs(name)
diff --git a/lib/kamal/cli/app.rb b/lib/kamal/cli/app.rb
index 74b7b4df..fb665af9 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/cli/app.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/cli/app.rb
@@ -94,9 +94,15 @@ class Kamal::Cli::App < Kamal::Cli::Base
   option :interactive, aliases: "-i", type: :boolean, default: false, desc: "Execute command over ssh for an interactive shell (use for console/bash)"
   option :reuse, type: :boolean, default: false, desc: "Reuse currently running container instead of starting a new one"
   option :env, aliases: "-e", type: :hash, desc: "Set environment variables for the command"
+  option :detach, type: :boolean, default: false, desc: "Execute command in a detached container"
   def exec(*cmd)
+    if (incompatible_options = [ :interactive, :reuse ].select { |key| options[:detach] && options[key] }.presence)
+      raise ArgumentError, "Detach is not compatible with #{incompatible_options.join(" or ")}"
+    end
+
     cmd = Kamal::Utils.join_commands(cmd)
     env = options[:env]
+    detach = options[:detach]
     case
     when options[:interactive] && options[:reuse]
       say "Get current version of running container...", :magenta unless options[:version]
@@ -138,7 +144,7 @@ class Kamal::Cli::App < Kamal::Cli::Base
 
           roles.each do |role|
             execute *KAMAL.auditor.record("Executed cmd '#{cmd}' on app version #{version}"), verbosity: :debug
-            puts_by_host host, capture_with_info(*KAMAL.app(role: role, host: host).execute_in_new_container(cmd, env: env))
+            puts_by_host host, capture_with_info(*KAMAL.app(role: role, host: host).execute_in_new_container(cmd, env: env, detach: detach))
           end
         end
       end
@@ -186,15 +192,17 @@ class Kamal::Cli::App < Kamal::Cli::Base
   option :since, aliases: "-s", desc: "Show lines since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)"
   option :lines, type: :numeric, aliases: "-n", desc: "Number of lines to show from each server"
   option :grep, aliases: "-g", desc: "Show lines with grep match only (use this to fetch specific requests by id)"
-  option :grep_options, aliases: "-o", desc: "Additional options supplied to grep"
+  option :grep_options, desc: "Additional options supplied to grep"
   option :follow, aliases: "-f", desc: "Follow log on primary server (or specific host set by --hosts)"
   option :skip_timestamps, type: :boolean, aliases: "-T", desc: "Skip appending timestamps to logging output"
+  option :container_id, desc: "Docker container ID to fetch logs"
   def logs
     # FIXME: Catch when app containers aren't running
 
     grep = options[:grep]
     grep_options = options[:grep_options]
     since = options[:since]
+    container_id = options[:container_id]
     timestamps = !options[:skip_timestamps]
 
     if options[:follow]
@@ -207,8 +215,8 @@ class Kamal::Cli::App < Kamal::Cli::Base
         role = KAMAL.roles_on(KAMAL.primary_host).first
 
         app = KAMAL.app(role: role, host: host)
-        info app.follow_logs(host: KAMAL.primary_host, timestamps: timestamps, lines: lines, grep: grep, grep_options: grep_options)
-        exec app.follow_logs(host: KAMAL.primary_host, timestamps: timestamps, lines: lines, grep: grep, grep_options: grep_options)
+        info app.follow_logs(host: KAMAL.primary_host, container_id: container_id, timestamps: timestamps, lines: lines, grep: grep, grep_options: grep_options)
+        exec app.follow_logs(host: KAMAL.primary_host, container_id: container_id, timestamps: timestamps, lines: lines, grep: grep, grep_options: grep_options)
       end
     else
       lines = options[:lines].presence || ((since || grep) ? nil : 100) # Default to 100 lines if since or grep isn't set
@@ -218,7 +226,7 @@ class Kamal::Cli::App < Kamal::Cli::Base
 
         roles.each do |role|
           begin
-            puts_by_host host, capture_with_info(*KAMAL.app(role: role, host: host).logs(timestamps: timestamps, since: since, lines: lines, grep: grep, grep_options: grep_options))
+            puts_by_host host, capture_with_info(*KAMAL.app(role: role, host: host).logs(container_id: container_id, timestamps: timestamps, since: since, lines: lines, grep: grep, grep_options: grep_options))
           rescue SSHKit::Command::Failed
             puts_by_host host, "Nothing found"
           end
diff --git a/lib/kamal/cli/app/boot.rb b/lib/kamal/cli/app/boot.rb
index fd330c71..8ddcaac3 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/cli/app/boot.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/cli/app/boot.rb
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class Kamal::Cli::App::Boot
 
     def start_new_version
       audit "Booted app version #{version}"
-      hostname = "#{host.to_s[0...51].gsub(/\.+$/, '')}-#{SecureRandom.hex(6)}"
+      hostname = "#{host.to_s[0...51].chomp(".")}-#{SecureRandom.hex(6)}"
 
       execute *app.ensure_env_directory
       upload! role.secrets_io(host), role.secrets_path, mode: "0600"
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class Kamal::Cli::App::Boot
       if barrier.close
         info "First #{KAMAL.primary_role} container is unhealthy on #{host}, not booting any other roles"
         begin
-          error capture_with_info(*app.logs(version: version))
+          error capture_with_info(*app.logs(container_id: app.container_id_for_version(version)))
           error capture_with_info(*app.container_health_log(version: version))
         rescue SSHKit::Command::Failed
           error "Could not fetch logs for #{version}"
diff --git a/lib/kamal/commands/app/execution.rb b/lib/kamal/commands/app/execution.rb
index 4434c26a..e1289fd8 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/commands/app/execution.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/commands/app/execution.rb
@@ -7,13 +7,15 @@ module Kamal::Commands::App::Execution
       *command
   end
 
-  def execute_in_new_container(*command, interactive: false, env:)
+  def execute_in_new_container(*command, interactive: false, detach: false, env:)
     docker :run,
       ("-it" if interactive),
-      "--rm",
+      ("--detach" if detach),
+      ("--rm" unless detach),
       "--network", "kamal",
       *role&.env_args(host),
       *argumentize("--env", env),
+      *role.logging_args,
       *config.volume_args,
       *role&.option_args,
       config.absolute_image,
diff --git a/lib/kamal/commands/app/logging.rb b/lib/kamal/commands/app/logging.rb
index ad66f370..d5c8d5c7 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/commands/app/logging.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/commands/app/logging.rb
@@ -1,18 +1,28 @@
 module Kamal::Commands::App::Logging
-  def logs(version: nil, timestamps: true, since: nil, lines: nil, grep: nil, grep_options: nil)
+  def logs(container_id: nil, timestamps: true, since: nil, lines: nil, grep: nil, grep_options: nil)
     pipe \
-      version ? container_id_for_version(version) : current_running_container_id,
+      container_id_command(container_id),
       "xargs docker logs#{" --timestamps" if timestamps}#{" --since #{since}" if since}#{" --tail #{lines}" if lines} 2>&1",
       ("grep '#{grep}'#{" #{grep_options}" if grep_options}" if grep)
   end
 
-  def follow_logs(host:, timestamps: true, lines: nil, grep: nil, grep_options: nil)
+  def follow_logs(host:, container_id: nil, timestamps: true, lines: nil, grep: nil, grep_options: nil)
     run_over_ssh \
       pipe(
-        current_running_container_id,
+        container_id_command(container_id),
         "xargs docker logs#{" --timestamps" if timestamps}#{" --tail #{lines}" if lines} --follow 2>&1",
         (%(grep "#{grep}"#{" #{grep_options}" if grep_options}) if grep)
       ),
       host: host
   end
+
+  private
+
+  def container_id_command(container_id)
+    case container_id
+    when Array then container_id
+    when String, Symbol then "echo #{container_id}"
+    else current_running_container_id
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/kamal/commands/base.rb b/lib/kamal/commands/base.rb
index e71470e4..38f4aa71 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/commands/base.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/commands/base.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ module Kamal::Commands
     end
 
     def run_over_ssh(*command, host:)
-      "ssh#{ssh_proxy_args} -t #{config.ssh.user}@#{host} -p #{config.ssh.port} '#{command.join(" ").gsub("'", "'\\\\''")}'"
+      "ssh#{ssh_proxy_args}#{ssh_keys_args} -t #{config.ssh.user}@#{host} -p #{config.ssh.port} '#{command.join(" ").gsub("'", "'\\\\''")}'"
     end
 
     def container_id_for(container_name:, only_running: false)
@@ -98,5 +98,15 @@ module Kamal::Commands
           " -o ProxyCommand='#{config.ssh.proxy.command_line_template}'"
         end
       end
+
+      def ssh_keys_args
+        "#{ ssh_keys.join("") if ssh_keys}" + "#{" -o IdentitiesOnly=yes" if config.ssh&.keys_only}"
+      end
+
+      def ssh_keys
+        config.ssh.keys&.map do |key|
+          " -i #{key}"
+        end
+      end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/kamal/configuration.rb b/lib/kamal/configuration.rb
index 021e5e49..52c807d7 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/configuration.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/configuration.rb
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class Kamal::Configuration
 
   include Validation
 
-  PROXY_MINIMUM_VERSION = "v0.8.2"
+  PROXY_MINIMUM_VERSION = "v0.8.4"
   PROXY_HTTP_PORT = 80
   PROXY_HTTPS_PORT = 443
   PROXY_LOG_MAX_SIZE = "10m"
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class Kamal::Configuration
         if file.exist?
           # Newer Psych doesn't load aliases by default
           load_method = YAML.respond_to?(:unsafe_load) ? :unsafe_load : :load
-          YAML.send(load_method, ERB.new(IO.read(file)).result).symbolize_keys
+          YAML.send(load_method, ERB.new(File.read(file)).result).symbolize_keys
         else
           raise "Configuration file not found in #{file}"
         end
diff --git a/lib/kamal/configuration/accessory.rb b/lib/kamal/configuration/accessory.rb
index 2728607d..198e6321 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/configuration/accessory.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/configuration/accessory.rb
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class Kamal::Configuration::Accessory
     end
 
     def read_dynamic_file(local_file)
-      StringIO.new(ERB.new(IO.read(local_file)).result)
+      StringIO.new(ERB.new(File.read(local_file)).result)
     end
 
     def expand_remote_file(remote_file)
diff --git a/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/accessory.yml b/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/accessory.yml
index fab2989f..b82a476e 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/accessory.yml
+++ b/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/accessory.yml
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ accessories:
 
     # Port mappings
     #
-    # See https://docs.docker.com/network/, and especially note the warning about the security
-    # implications of exposing ports publicly.
+    # See [https://docs.docker.com/network/](https://docs.docker.com/network/), and
+    # especially note the warning about the security implications of exposing ports publicly.
     port: "127.0.0.1:3306:3306"
 
     # Labels
@@ -101,4 +101,4 @@ accessories:
     # Proxy
     #
     proxy:
-      ...
\ No newline at end of file
+      ...
diff --git a/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/alias.yml b/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/alias.yml
index 32c37bad..6c46b695 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/alias.yml
+++ b/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/alias.yml
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@
 # For example, for a Rails app, you might open a console with:
 #
 # ```shell
-# kamal app exec -i -r console "rails console"
+# kamal app exec -i --reuse "bin/rails console"
 # ```
 #
 # By defining an alias, like this:
 aliases:
-  console: app exec -r console -i "rails console"
+  console: app exec -i --reuse "bin/rails console"
 # You can now open the console with:
 #
 # ```shell
diff --git a/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/proxy.yml b/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/proxy.yml
index 76ec3e41..9ed6a97f 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/proxy.yml
+++ b/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/proxy.yml
@@ -46,9 +46,22 @@ proxy:
   # The host value must point to the server we are deploying to, and port 443 must be
   # open for the Let's Encrypt challenge to succeed.
   #
+  # If you set `ssl` to `true`, `kamal-proxy` will stop forwarding headers to your app,
+  # unless you explicitly set `forward_headers: true`
+  #
   # Defaults to `false`:
   ssl: true
 
+  # Forward headers
+  #
+  # Whether to forward the `X-Forwarded-For` and `X-Forwarded-Proto` headers.
+  #
+  # If you are behind a trusted proxy, you can set this to `true` to forward the headers.
+  #
+  # By default, kamal-proxy will not forward the headers if the `ssl` option is set to `true`, and
+  # will forward them if it is set to `false`.
+  forward_headers: true
+
   # Response timeout
   #
   # How long to wait for requests to complete before timing out, defaults to 30 seconds:
@@ -93,13 +106,3 @@ proxy:
     response_headers:
       - X-Request-ID
       - X-Request-Start
-
-  # Forward headers
-  #
-  # Whether to forward the `X-Forwarded-For` and `X-Forwarded-Proto` headers.
-  #
-  # If you are behind a trusted proxy, you can set this to `true` to forward the headers.
-  #
-  # By default, kamal-proxy will not forward the headers if the `ssl` option is set to `true`, and
-  # will forward them if it is set to `false`.
-  forward_headers: true
diff --git a/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/registry.yml b/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/registry.yml
index 84f9c7c1..4411fd4d 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/registry.yml
+++ b/lib/kamal/configuration/docs/registry.yml
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 #
 # The default registry is Docker Hub, but you can change it using `registry/server`.
 #
+# By default, Docker Hub creates public repositories. To avoid making your images public,
+# set up a private repository before deploying, or change the default repository privacy
+# settings to private in your [Docker Hub settings](https://hub.docker.com/repository-settings/default-privacy).
+#
 # A reference to a secret (in this case, `DOCKER_REGISTRY_TOKEN`) will look up the secret
 # in the local environment:
 registry:
diff --git a/lib/kamal/secrets.rb b/lib/kamal/secrets.rb
index 7a382f98..9d4b0ff7 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/secrets.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/secrets.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class Kamal::Secrets
   private
     def secrets
       @secrets ||= secrets_files.inject({}) do |secrets, secrets_file|
-        secrets.merge!(::Dotenv.parse(secrets_file))
+        secrets.merge!(::Dotenv.parse(secrets_file, overwrite: true))
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/kamal/secrets/adapters/aws_secrets_manager.rb b/lib/kamal/secrets/adapters/aws_secrets_manager.rb
index e23ea1f1..4bcac21d 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/secrets/adapters/aws_secrets_manager.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/secrets/adapters/aws_secrets_manager.rb
@@ -6,20 +6,28 @@ class Kamal::Secrets::Adapters::AwsSecretsManager < Kamal::Secrets::Adapters::Ba
 
     def fetch_secrets(secrets, account:, session:)
       {}.tap do |results|
-        JSON.parse(get_from_secrets_manager(secrets, account: account))["SecretValues"].each do |secret|
+        get_from_secrets_manager(secrets, account: account).each do |secret|
           secret_name = secret["Name"]
           secret_string = JSON.parse(secret["SecretString"])
 
           secret_string.each do |key, value|
             results["#{secret_name}/#{key}"] = value
           end
+        rescue JSON::ParserError
+          results["#{secret_name}"] = secret["SecretString"]
         end
       end
     end
 
     def get_from_secrets_manager(secrets, account:)
-      `aws secretsmanager batch-get-secret-value --secret-id-list #{secrets.map(&:shellescape).join(" ")} --profile #{account.shellescape}`.tap do
-        raise RuntimeError, "Could not read #{secret} from AWS Secrets Manager" unless $?.success?
+      `aws secretsmanager batch-get-secret-value --secret-id-list #{secrets.map(&:shellescape).join(" ")} --profile #{account.shellescape}`.tap do |secrets|
+        raise RuntimeError, "Could not read #{secrets} from AWS Secrets Manager" unless $?.success?
+
+        secrets = JSON.parse(secrets)
+
+        return secrets["SecretValues"] unless secrets["Errors"].present?
+
+        raise RuntimeError, secrets["Errors"].map { |error| "#{error['SecretId']}: #{error['Message']}" }.join(" ")
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/lib/kamal/version.rb b/lib/kamal/version.rb
index 2f9a86b6..9f3a9126 100644
--- a/lib/kamal/version.rb
+++ b/lib/kamal/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 module Kamal
-  VERSION = "2.3.0"
+  VERSION = "2.4.0"
 end
diff --git a/test/cli/app_test.rb b/test/cli/app_test.rb
index 5e76179c..2e532730 100644
--- a/test/cli/app_test.rb
+++ b/test/cli/app_test.rb
@@ -263,13 +263,37 @@ class CliAppTest < CliTestCase
 
   test "exec" do
     run_command("exec", "ruby -v").tap do |output|
-      assert_match "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env dhh/app:latest ruby -v", output
+      assert_match "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" dhh/app:latest ruby -v", output
     end
   end
 
   test "exec separate arguments" do
     run_command("exec", "ruby", " -v").tap do |output|
-      assert_match "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env dhh/app:latest ruby -v", output
+      assert_match "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" dhh/app:latest ruby -v", output
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "exec detach" do
+    run_command("exec", "--detach", "ruby -v").tap do |output|
+      assert_match "docker run --detach --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" dhh/app:latest ruby -v", output
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "exec detach with reuse" do
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError, "Detach is not compatible with reuse") do
+      run_command("exec", "--detach", "--reuse", "ruby -v")
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "exec detach with interactive" do
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError, "Detach is not compatible with interactive") do
+      run_command("exec", "--interactive", "--detach", "ruby -v")
+    end
+  end
+
+  test "exec detach with interactive and reuse" do
+    assert_raises(ArgumentError, "Detach is not compatible with interactive or reuse") do
+      run_command("exec", "--interactive", "--detach", "--reuse", "ruby -v")
     end
   end
 
@@ -282,7 +306,7 @@ class CliAppTest < CliTestCase
 
   test "exec interactive" do
     SSHKit::Backend::Abstract.any_instance.expects(:exec)
-      .with("ssh -t root@1.1.1.1 -p 22 'docker run -it --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env dhh/app:latest ruby -v'")
+      .with("ssh -t root@1.1.1.1 -p 22 'docker run -it --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" dhh/app:latest ruby -v'")
     run_command("exec", "-i", "ruby -v").tap do |output|
       assert_match "Get most recent version available as an image...", output
       assert_match "Launching interactive command with version latest via SSH from new container on 1.1.1.1...", output
@@ -329,6 +353,13 @@ class CliAppTest < CliTestCase
     assert_match "sh -c '\\''docker ps --latest --quiet --filter label=service=app --filter label=destination= --filter label=role=web --filter status=running --filter status=restarting --filter ancestor=$(docker image ls --filter reference=dhh/app:latest --format '\\''\\'\\'''\\''{{.ID}}'\\''\\'\\'''\\'') ; docker ps --latest --quiet --filter label=service=app --filter label=destination= --filter label=role=web --filter status=running --filter status=restarting'\\'' | head -1 | xargs docker logs --timestamps --tail 10 --follow 2>&1", run_command("logs", "--follow")
   end
 
+  test "logs with follow and container_id" do
+    SSHKit::Backend::Abstract.any_instance.stubs(:exec)
+      .with("ssh -t root@1.1.1.1 -p 22 'echo ID123 | xargs docker logs --timestamps --tail 10 --follow 2>&1'")
+
+    assert_match "echo ID123 | xargs docker logs --timestamps --tail 10 --follow 2>&1", run_command("logs", "--follow", "--container-id", "ID123")
+  end
+
   test "logs with follow and grep" do
     SSHKit::Backend::Abstract.any_instance.stubs(:exec)
       .with("ssh -t root@1.1.1.1 -p 22 'sh -c '\\''docker ps --latest --quiet --filter label=service=app --filter label=destination= --filter label=role=web --filter status=running --filter status=restarting --filter ancestor=$(docker image ls --filter reference=dhh/app:latest --format '\\''\\'\\'''\\''{{.ID}}'\\''\\'\\'''\\'') ; docker ps --latest --quiet --filter label=service=app --filter label=destination= --filter label=role=web --filter status=running --filter status=restarting'\\'' | head -1 | xargs docker logs --timestamps --follow 2>&1 | grep \"hey\"'")
diff --git a/test/commands/app_test.rb b/test/commands/app_test.rb
index 1fb59e8a..d53b31e1 100644
--- a/test/commands/app_test.rb
+++ b/test/commands/app_test.rb
@@ -157,6 +157,12 @@ class CommandsAppTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       new_command.logs.join(" ")
   end
 
+  test "logs with container_id" do
+    assert_equal \
+      "echo C137 | xargs docker logs --timestamps 2>&1",
+      new_command.logs(container_id: "C137").join(" ")
+  end
+
   test "logs with since" do
     assert_equal \
       "sh -c 'docker ps --latest --quiet --filter label=service=app --filter label=destination= --filter label=role=web --filter status=running --filter status=restarting --filter ancestor=$(docker image ls --filter reference=dhh/app:latest --format '\\''{{.ID}}'\\'') ; docker ps --latest --quiet --filter label=service=app --filter label=destination= --filter label=role=web --filter status=running --filter status=restarting' | head -1 | xargs docker logs --timestamps --since 5m 2>&1",
@@ -208,6 +214,10 @@ class CommandsAppTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       "ssh -t root@app-1 -p 22 'sh -c '\\''docker ps --latest --quiet --filter label=service=app --filter label=destination= --filter label=role=web --filter status=running --filter status=restarting --filter ancestor=$(docker image ls --filter reference=dhh/app:latest --format '\\''\\'\\'''\\''{{.ID}}'\\''\\'\\'''\\'') ; docker ps --latest --quiet --filter label=service=app --filter label=destination= --filter label=role=web --filter status=running --filter status=restarting'\\'' | head -1 | xargs docker logs --timestamps --follow 2>&1 | grep \"Completed\"'",
       new_command.follow_logs(host: "app-1", grep: "Completed")
 
+    assert_equal \
+      "ssh -t root@app-1 -p 22 'echo ID321 | xargs docker logs --timestamps --follow 2>&1'",
+      new_command.follow_logs(host: "app-1", container_id: "ID321")
+
     assert_equal \
       "ssh -t root@app-1 -p 22 'sh -c '\\''docker ps --latest --quiet --filter label=service=app --filter label=destination= --filter label=role=web --filter status=running --filter status=restarting --filter ancestor=$(docker image ls --filter reference=dhh/app:latest --format '\\''\\'\\'''\\''{{.ID}}'\\''\\'\\'''\\'') ; docker ps --latest --quiet --filter label=service=app --filter label=destination= --filter label=role=web --filter status=running --filter status=restarting'\\'' | head -1 | xargs docker logs --timestamps --tail 123 --follow 2>&1'",
       new_command.follow_logs(host: "app-1", lines: 123)
@@ -224,29 +234,43 @@ class CommandsAppTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   test "execute in new container" do
     assert_equal \
-      "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env dhh/app:999 bin/rails db:setup",
+      "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" dhh/app:999 bin/rails db:setup",
+      new_command.execute_in_new_container("bin/rails", "db:setup", env: {}).join(" ")
+  end
+
+  test "execute in new container with logging" do
+    @config[:logging] = { "driver" => "local", "options" => { "max-size" => "100m", "max-file" => "3" } }
+
+    assert_equal \
+      "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-driver \"local\" --log-opt max-size=\"100m\" --log-opt max-file=\"3\" dhh/app:999 bin/rails db:setup",
       new_command.execute_in_new_container("bin/rails", "db:setup", env: {}).join(" ")
   end
 
   test "execute in new container with env" do
     assert_equal \
-      "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --env foo=\"bar\" dhh/app:999 bin/rails db:setup",
+      "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --env foo=\"bar\" --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" dhh/app:999 bin/rails db:setup",
       new_command.execute_in_new_container("bin/rails", "db:setup", env: { "foo" => "bar" }).join(" ")
   end
 
+  test "execute in new detached container" do
+    assert_equal \
+      "docker run --detach --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" dhh/app:999 bin/rails db:setup",
+      new_command.execute_in_new_container("bin/rails", "db:setup", detach: true, env: {}).join(" ")
+  end
+
   test "execute in new container with tags" do
     @config[:servers] = [ { "1.1.1.1" => "tag1" } ]
     @config[:env]["tags"] = { "tag1" => { "ENV1" => "value1" } }
 
     assert_equal \
-      "docker run --rm --network kamal --env ENV1=\"value1\" --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env dhh/app:999 bin/rails db:setup",
+      "docker run --rm --network kamal --env ENV1=\"value1\" --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" dhh/app:999 bin/rails db:setup",
       new_command.execute_in_new_container("bin/rails", "db:setup", env: {}).join(" ")
   end
 
   test "execute in new container with custom options" do
     @config[:servers] = { "web" => { "hosts" => [ "1.1.1.1" ], "options" => { "mount" => "somewhere", "cap-add" => true } } }
     assert_equal \
-      "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --mount \"somewhere\" --cap-add dhh/app:999 bin/rails db:setup",
+      "docker run --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" --mount \"somewhere\" --cap-add dhh/app:999 bin/rails db:setup",
       new_command.execute_in_new_container("bin/rails", "db:setup", env: {}).join(" ")
   end
 
@@ -263,7 +287,7 @@ class CommandsAppTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   test "execute in new container over ssh" do
-    assert_match %r{docker run -it --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env dhh/app:999 bin/rails c},
+    assert_match %r{docker run -it --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size="10m" dhh/app:999 bin/rails c},
       new_command.execute_in_new_container_over_ssh("bin/rails", "c", env: {})
   end
 
@@ -271,13 +295,13 @@ class CommandsAppTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     @config[:servers] = [ { "1.1.1.1" => "tag1" } ]
     @config[:env]["tags"] = { "tag1" => { "ENV1" => "value1" } }
 
-    assert_equal "ssh -t root@1.1.1.1 -p 22 'docker run -it --rm --network kamal --env ENV1=\"value1\" --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env dhh/app:999 bin/rails c'",
+    assert_equal "ssh -t root@1.1.1.1 -p 22 'docker run -it --rm --network kamal --env ENV1=\"value1\" --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" dhh/app:999 bin/rails c'",
       new_command.execute_in_new_container_over_ssh("bin/rails", "c", env: {})
   end
 
   test "execute in new container with custom options over ssh" do
     @config[:servers] = { "web" => { "hosts" => [ "1.1.1.1" ], "options" => { "mount" => "somewhere", "cap-add" => true } } }
-    assert_match %r{docker run -it --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --mount \"somewhere\" --cap-add dhh/app:999 bin/rails c},
+    assert_match %r{docker run -it --rm --network kamal --env-file .kamal/apps/app/env/roles/web.env --log-opt max-size=\"10m\" --mount \"somewhere\" --cap-add dhh/app:999 bin/rails c},
       new_command.execute_in_new_container_over_ssh("bin/rails", "c", env: {})
   end
 
@@ -315,6 +339,16 @@ class CommandsAppTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     assert_equal "ssh -J root@2.2.2.2 -t app@1.1.1.1 -p 22 'ls'", new_command.run_over_ssh("ls", host: "1.1.1.1")
   end
 
+  test "run over ssh with keys config" do
+    @config[:ssh] = { "keys" => [ "path_to_key.pem" ] }
+    assert_equal "ssh -i path_to_key.pem -t root@1.1.1.1 -p 22 'ls'", new_command.run_over_ssh("ls", host: "1.1.1.1")
+  end
+
+  test "run over ssh with keys config with keys_only" do
+    @config[:ssh] = { "keys" => [ "path_to_key.pem" ], "keys_only" => true }
+    assert_equal "ssh -i path_to_key.pem -o IdentitiesOnly=yes -t root@1.1.1.1 -p 22 'ls'", new_command.run_over_ssh("ls", host: "1.1.1.1")
+  end
+
   test "run over ssh with proxy_command" do
     @config[:ssh] = { "proxy_command" => "ssh -W %h:%p user@proxy-server" }
     assert_equal "ssh -o ProxyCommand='ssh -W %h:%p user@proxy-server' -t root@1.1.1.1 -p 22 'ls'", new_command.run_over_ssh("ls", host: "1.1.1.1")
diff --git a/test/secrets/aws_secrets_manager_adapter_test.rb b/test/secrets/aws_secrets_manager_adapter_test.rb
index 42a0f48a..7616342d 100644
--- a/test/secrets/aws_secrets_manager_adapter_test.rb
+++ b/test/secrets/aws_secrets_manager_adapter_test.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,35 @@
 require "test_helper"
 
 class AwsSecretsManagerAdapterTest < SecretAdapterTestCase
+  test "fails when errors are present" do
+    stub_ticks.with("aws --version 2> /dev/null")
+    stub_ticks
+      .with("aws secretsmanager batch-get-secret-value --secret-id-list unknown1 unknown2 --profile default")
+      .returns(<<~JSON)
+        {
+          "SecretValues": [],
+          "Errors": [
+            {
+                "SecretId": "unknown1",
+                "ErrorCode": "ResourceNotFoundException",
+                "Message": "Secrets Manager can't find the specified secret."
+            },
+            {
+                "SecretId": "unknown2",
+                "ErrorCode": "ResourceNotFoundException",
+                "Message": "Secrets Manager can't find the specified secret."
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      JSON
+
+    error = assert_raises RuntimeError do
+      JSON.parse(shellunescape(run_command("fetch", "unknown1", "unknown2")))
+    end
+
+    assert_equal [ "unknown1: Secrets Manager can't find the specified secret.", "unknown2: Secrets Manager can't find the specified secret." ].join(" "), error.message
+  end
+
   test "fetch" do
     stub_ticks.with("aws --version 2> /dev/null")
     stub_ticks
@@ -44,6 +73,48 @@ class AwsSecretsManagerAdapterTest < SecretAdapterTestCase
     assert_equal expected_json, json
   end
 
+  test "fetch with string value" do
+    stub_ticks.with("aws --version 2> /dev/null")
+    stub_ticks
+      .with("aws secretsmanager batch-get-secret-value --secret-id-list secret secret2/KEY1 --profile default")
+      .returns(<<~JSON)
+        {
+          "SecretValues": [
+            {
+              "ARN": "arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-1:aaaaaaaaaaaa:secret:secret",
+              "Name": "secret",
+              "VersionId": "vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv",
+              "SecretString": "a-string-secret",
+              "VersionStages": [
+                  "AWSCURRENT"
+              ],
+              "CreatedDate": "2024-01-01T00:00:00.000000"
+            },
+            {
+              "ARN": "arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-1:aaaaaaaaaaaa:secret:secret2",
+              "Name": "secret2",
+              "VersionId": "vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv",
+              "SecretString": "{\\"KEY2\\":\\"VALUE2\\"}",
+              "VersionStages": [
+                  "AWSCURRENT"
+              ],
+              "CreatedDate": "2024-01-01T00:00:00.000000"
+            }
+          ],
+          "Errors": []
+        }
+      JSON
+
+    json = JSON.parse(shellunescape(run_command("fetch", "secret", "secret2/KEY1")))
+
+    expected_json = {
+      "secret"=>"a-string-secret",
+      "secret2/KEY2"=>"VALUE2"
+    }
+
+    assert_equal expected_json, json
+  end
+
   test "fetch with secret names" do
     stub_ticks.with("aws --version 2> /dev/null")
     stub_ticks