Asset paths

During deployments both the old and new containers will be active for a
small period of time. There also may be lagging requests for older CSS
and JS after the deployment.

This can lead to 404s if a request for old assets hits a new container
or visa-versa.

This PR makes sure that both sets of assets are available throughout the
deployment from before the new version of the app is booted.

This can be configured by setting the asset path:

```yaml
asset_path: "/rails/public/assets"
```

The process is:
1. We extract the assets out of the container, with docker run, docker
cp, docker stop. Docker run sets the container command to "sleep" so
this needs to be available in the container.
2. We create an asset volume directory on the host for the new version
of the app on the host and copy the assets in there.
3. If there is a previous deployment we also copy the new assets into
its asset volume and copy the older assets into the new asset volume.
4. We start the new container mapping the asset volume over the top of
the container's asset path.

This means the both the old and new versions have replaced the asset
path with a volume containing both sets of assets and should be able
to serve any request during the deployment. The older assets will
continue to be available until the next deployment.

lib/kamal/commands/app.rb

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ class Kamal::Commands::App < Kamal::Commands::Base
       *role_config.health_check_args,
       *config.logging_args,
       *config.volume_args,
+      *role_config.asset_volume_args,
       *role_config.label_args,
       *role_config.option_args,
       config.absolute_image,
@@ -105,7 +106,7 @@ class Kamal::Commands::App < Kamal::Commands::Base
   def list_versions(*docker_args, statuses: nil)
     pipe \
       docker(:ps, *filter_args(statuses: statuses), *docker_args, "--format", '"{{.Names}}"'),
-      %(while read line; do echo ${line##{role_config.full_name}-}; done) # Extract SHA from "service-role-dest-SHA"
+      %(while read line; do echo ${line##{role_config.container_prefix}-}; done) # Extract SHA from "service-role-dest-SHA"
   end
 
   def list_containers
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ class Kamal::Commands::App < Kamal::Commands::Base
   def cord(version:)
     pipe \
       docker(:inspect, "-f '{{ range .Mounts }}{{printf \"%s %s\n\" .Source .Destination}}{{ end }}'", container_name(version)),
-      [:awk, "'$2 == \"#{role_config.cord_container_directory}\" {print $1}'"]
+      [:awk, "'$2 == \"#{role_config.cord_volume.container_path}\" {print $1}'"]
   end
 
   def tie_cord(cord)
@@ -164,9 +165,43 @@ class Kamal::Commands::App < Kamal::Commands::Base
     remove_directory(cord)
   end
 
+  def extract_assets
+    asset_container = "#{role_config.container_prefix}-assets"
+
+    combine \
+      make_directory(role_config.asset_extracted_path),
+      [*docker(:stop, "-t 1", asset_container, "2> /dev/null"), "|| true"],
+      docker(:run, "--name", asset_container, "--detach", "--rm", config.latest_image, "sleep 1000000"),
+      docker(:cp, "-L", "#{asset_container}:#{role_config.asset_path}/.", role_config.asset_extracted_path),
+      docker(:stop, "-t 1", asset_container),
+      by: "&&"
+  end
+
+  def sync_asset_volumes(old_version: nil)
+    new_extracted_path, new_volume_path = role_config.asset_extracted_path(config.version), role_config.asset_volume.host_path
+    if old_version.present?
+      old_extracted_path, old_volume_path = role_config.asset_extracted_path(old_version), role_config.asset_volume(old_version).host_path
+    end
+
+    commands = [make_directory(new_volume_path), copy_contents(new_extracted_path, new_volume_path)]
+
+    if old_version.present?
+      commands << copy_contents(new_extracted_path, old_volume_path, continue_on_error: true)
+      commands << copy_contents(old_extracted_path, new_volume_path, continue_on_error: true)
+    end
+
+    chain *commands
+  end
+
+  def clean_up_assets
+    chain \
+      find_and_remove_older_siblings(role_config.asset_extracted_path),
+      find_and_remove_older_siblings(role_config.asset_volume_path)
+  end
+
   private
     def container_name(version = nil)
-      [ role_config.full_name, version || config.version ].compact.join("-")
+      [ role_config.container_prefix, version || config.version ].compact.join("-")
     end
 
     def filter_args(statuses: nil)
@@ -186,4 +221,19 @@ class Kamal::Commands::App < Kamal::Commands::Base
         end
       end
     end
+
+    def find_and_remove_older_siblings(path)
+      [
+        :find,
+        Pathname.new(path).dirname.to_s,
+        "-maxdepth 1",
+        "-name", "'#{role_config.container_prefix}-*'",
+        "!", "-name", Pathname.new(path).basename.to_s,
+        "-exec rm -rf \"{}\" +"
+      ]
+    end
+
+    def copy_contents(source, destination, continue_on_error: false)
+      [ :cp, "-rn", "#{source}/*", destination, *("|| true" if continue_on_error)]
+    end
 end